tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30947829944444490752024-03-14T05:32:47.853-07:00Business Research PapersJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.comBlogger1238125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-45281293239487717502020-08-26T13:54:00.001-07:002020-08-26T13:54:06.005-07:00Clothing Fashion Essay ExampleGarments Fashion Essay Example Garments Fashion Essay Garments Fashion Essay Exposition Topic: Place Of Mirth Garments Fashion Topic:Discuss (investigate) the job of attire style in two of the books we have perused this far. The job of garments and style is something that has pursued our general public for quite a while. With time design is something other than the style in which something is done, its not, at this point an example, its likewise a house of accomplishing something even a custom, or appearance. The apparel or the style we wear denotes our ?sculptures? just as our character among those people that encompass us. The books we have perused hitherto, ?The House of Mirth just as Bread Givers? delineates these thoughts. The House of Mirth composed by Edith Wharton delineates how attire just as style is a major piece of society and how it attaches the person to design, attire, very, something, society, time, sculptures, social, job, read, books, gaiety, lily, keep, shows, house, finding, in vogue, dress, whelp, appearance, youth, yorks, composed, works, wharton, wear, affluent, ways, upper, lamentably, two, turn, topicdiscuss, ties, in this manner, through, endures, encompass, style, remain, single, seen, rich, zenith, marvel, character, peers, design, taking an interest Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-34347830970691345542020-08-22T08:24:00.001-07:002020-08-22T08:24:05.560-07:00Information on Education and Schools in MassachusettsData on Education and Schools in Massachusetts Each state shifts in any event to some degree in training related policy.â Trending instructive themes, for example, sanction schools, school vouchers, government sanctioned testing, state guidelines, and school account all interpretation of the state of a states political foundation.â This variety guarantees that an understudy in Massachusetts is without a doubt getting somewhat unexpected instruction in comparison to a comparative understudy in another state.â This makes giving exact examinations among states incredibly difficult.â It is conceivable to think about information from projects, appraisals, and studies that take a gander at each state freely. This profile separates training and schools in Massachusetts. Massachusetts Education Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education Massachusetts Commissioner of Elementary and Secondary Education: Mitchell D. Chester Locale/School Information Length of School Year: at least 180 school days is required by Massachusetts state law. Number of Public School Districts: There are 242 government funded school locale in Massachusetts. Number of Public Schools: There are 1859 government funded schools in Massachusetts. **** Number of Students Served in Public Schools: There are 953,369 government funded school understudies in Massachusetts. **** Number of Teachers in Public Schools: There are 69,342 government funded teachers in Massachusetts.**** Number of Charter Schools: There are 79 contract schools in Massachusetts. Per Pupil Spending: Massachusetts burns through $14,262 per understudy in government funded instruction. **** Normal Class Size: The normal class size In Massachusetts is 13.7 understudies per 1 educator. **** % of Title I Schools: 51.3% of schools in Massachusetts are Title I Schools.**** % With Individualized Education Programs (IEP): 17.4% of understudies in Massachusetts are on IEPs. **** % in Limited-English Proficiency Programs: 6.8% of understudies in Massachusetts are in constrained English Proficient Programs.**** % of Student Eligible for Free/Reduced Lunches: 35.0% of understudies in Massachusetts schools are qualified for nothing/diminished lunches.**** Ethnic/Racial Student Breakdown**** White: 67.0% Dark: 8.2% Hispanic: 16.0% Asian: 5.7% Pacific Islander: 0.1% Native American/Alaskan Native: 0.2% School Assessment Data Graduation Rate: 82.6% of all understudies entering secondary school in Massachusetts graduate. ** Normal ACT/SAT score: Normal ACT Composite Score: 24.4*** Normal Combined SAT Score: 1552***** eighth grade NAEP evaluation scores:**** Math: 297 is the scaled score for eighth grade understudies in Massachusetts. The U.S. normal was 281. Perusing: 274 is the scaled score for eighth grade understudies in Massachusetts. The U.S. normal was 264. % of Students Who Attend College after High School: 73.2% of understudies in Massachusetts proceed to go to some degree of school. *** Non-public schools Number of Private Schools: There are 852 non-public schools in Massachusetts.* Number of Students Served in Private Schools: There are 144,445 non-public school understudies in Massachusetts.* Self-teaching Number of Students Served Through Homeschooling: There were an expected 29,219 understudies that were self-taught in Massachusetts in 2016.# Instructor Pay The normal instructor pay for the territory of Massachusetts was $73,129 in 2013.## Every individual region in the territory of Massachusetts arranges educator pay rates and sets up their own instructor pay plan. Coming up next is a case of an educator pay plan for Massachusetts gave by the Boston Public School District. *Data kindness of Education Bug . **Data kindness of ED.gov ***Data kindness of ACT ****Data graciousness of the National Center for Education Statistics ******Data kindness of The Commonwealth Foundation #Data kindness of A2ZHomeschooling.com ##Average compensation politeness of National Center of Education Statistics ###Disclaimer:à The data gave on this page changes frequently.â It is pulled from few instruction assets trying to pool basic training related information to one site. It will be refreshed normally as new data and information opens up. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-67429672812163866622020-08-20T07:49:00.001-07:002020-08-20T07:49:03.545-07:00Open Thread WaitlistedOpen Thread Waitlisted This year well over 18,000 students applied to MIT, the most in our history. Because of the incredible size and strength of the applicant pool we were unable to offer admission to many, many incredible students whom we would love to have on campus. However, we did place some students on our waitlist. We will have more information for waitlisted students in the coming weeks and months about how our process works, what you need to do if you are still interested in MIT, and so forth. In the meantime, you may talk amongst yourselves below. As always, please keep your comments civil and friendly in our community. Open Thread Waitlisted Because of the incredible size and strength of the applicant pool we were unable to offer admission to many, many incredible students whom we would love to have on campus. However, we did place some students on our wait list. Monday, March 16th, we will post more information about our waitlist about how our process works, what you need to do if you are still interested in MIT, and so forth. In the meantime, you may talk amongst yourselves below. As always, please keep your comments civil and friendly in our community. Open Thread Waitlisted Because of the incredible size and strength of the applicant pool we were unable to offer admission to many, many incredible students whom we would love to have on campus. However, we did place some students on our waitlist. Tomorrow, March 15th, we will post more information about our waitlist about how our process works, what you need to do if you are still interested in MIT, and so forth. In the meantime, you may talk amongst yourselves below. As always, please keep your comments civil and friendly in our community. Open Thread Waitlisted Many people applied to MIT this year, and unfortunately we could not accept all of them. We have placed a small number of students on the waitlist. If you would like to be considered for the waitlist, or you want to learn more about it, you can read more here. Some of you may feel happy to be waitlisted. Some of you may feel sad. Some of you may have complicated feelings that you dont know what to call; thats okay too. For right now, we just ask that you have a little patience. Post Tagged #Pi Day Open Thread Waitlisted Many people applied to MIT this year, and unfortunately we could not accept all of them. We have placed a small number of students on the waitlist. If you would like to be considered for the waitlist, or you want to learn more about it, you can read more here. Some of you may feel happy to be waitlisted. Some of you may feel sad. Some of you may have complicated feelings that you dont know what to call; thats okay too. For right now, we just ask that you have a little patience. Open Thread Waitlisted Many people applied to MIT this year, and unfortunately we could not accept all of them. We have placed a small number of students on the waitlist. If you would like to be considered for the waitlist, or you want to learn more about it, you can read more here. Some of you may feel happy to be waitlisted. Some of you may feel sad. Some of you may havecomplicated feelingsthat you dont know what to call; thats okay too. We just ask that you try to have a little patience. Open Thread Waitlisted Many people applied to MIT this year, and unfortunately we could not accept all of them. We have placed a small number of students on the waitlist. If you would like to be considered for the waitlist, or you want to learn more about it, you can read more here. Some of you may feel happy to be waitlisted. Some of you may feel sad. Some of you may have complicated feelings that you dont know what to call; thats okay too. For right now, we just ask that you have a little patience. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-47482744852535050372020-05-24T13:11:00.001-07:002020-05-24T13:11:02.975-07:00The Civil Rights And Its Role In The Cold War For America - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 981 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/03/21 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil Rights Movement Essay Cold War Essay Did you like this example? In 1958, Jimmy Wilson would be the center of international attention. After he was sentenced to death in Alabama for stealing less than two dollars in change, Wilsons case was thought to encapsulate the harsh consequences of Americans racism. This in turn brought to the surface international anxiety about the Americans race relations. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Civil Rights And Its Role In The Cold War For America" essay for you Create order Because United States was the leader of the free world, racism in the country would be an international concern. Racism has been the talk since before the 18th century. We have seen some many instances where racism has played a major part in the lives of many. But never have we seen it on an international scale. But being that the United States leader of the free world racism brought about a concern from all the nations around small lead to something so controversial. They wanted to know how the American democracy be a lighthouse during the cold war and a model for the people struggling against the Soviet oppression, if America itself practiced brutal discrimination against minorities within its own borders. This quandary started on July 27, 1957. The details that came to his untimely and cruel hearing were shaky from the start. Mr. Wilson worked for a lady by the name of Estelle Baker, an old dame, in Marion, Alabama. As he told a Toronto reporter. Ms.barker let him in her house one evening, and they got into an argument, which resulted in her throwing some money on the bed. Wilson took the money and left, but it was not even enough for a cab fare. But Baker told a more menacing side to the story and along with him taking her money she claims that he also attempted to rape her, but it was not successful. Wilson was charged with robbery the stealing of $1.95, but with the unauthorized testification of Ms. Baker without any thought Jimmy Wilson was convicted by an all-white jury and was sentenced to death. Since the other nations followed closely with race in the United States with great interest, the Wilsons case without a doubt came to be international news. People were so disturbed by the thought of a man being put to death by electrocution from the chair for less than two dollars. He got attention from the Voice of Ethiopia, and Ashanti pioneer, as well as being widely publicized in West Africa. This led to businessmen of America calling the U.S. embassy in Monrovia to express their concerns about Wilsons convictions. Even an Norwegian housewife sent a letter expressing her sympathy Jimmy and plead lenience for him. There were even some extreme concerns for Mr. Jimmy in one instance the threatened the U.S. embassy that if Wilson was executed then the U.S. ambassador would not survive either. Even a spokesperson for the NAACP said it would be a sad blot on the nation if Wilson was executed. He also called that the communist would take the headline and run with it and they did exactly that. The communist newspaper in Rome. LUnita, called the death sentence a new revolution crime by the United States segregationist while under the headlin e This Is America. This ruling had got more than enough attention for the judge to change his might and dismiss the case and the ruling. But why did it need to go this far for the people of Alabama to realized how unfair their ruling was. Americas justice system has not change much since the 1950s. We constantly today see the black community slip faster into prison than they do into a decent job. The choice for them the go to jail provides money for the government and they could care less about whether or not a black man is treated fair and equal. The 6th and 8th amendment were created for equality, but it seemed as though it brought no effect to the right of an African American. There was in the least no need for a man to be killed because he took approximately 2 dollars which was again not even enough for a cab ride home. While the cold war faced its own challenges American within itself had internal conflicts of its own. We had no grounds to distract the world from a major matter over our selfish and unnecessary actions against a man of color. The world should have never known about jimmy Wilson because America shouldve had the sense to know that the death sentence was not even need at the table when choosing the p unishment of a petty robbery. We had no sense of moral when it came to the thoughts and feeling towards the black men and women of America. The war over communism lied within that homes of some black people and though none chose to speak there was a prominent black intellectual at the time by the name of William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (W.E.B. Du Bois) who was publicly known in his siding with the Soviet Union in the cold war. He wrote in an unpublished manuscript about the soviets achievements. You might wonder why praise Josef Stalin even at his awareness of the soviet violence. The key to understanding took to his wife Shirley Graham who was procommunist and connect to many communist countries like Egypt, Ghana, China, the Soviet Union, And Europe. WEB viewed the Soviet Union- even looking passed the monstrous acts carried out on their own country- as making considerable progress in creating a society free of racial hierarchy, whereas the United States lagged. The progress reverberated well with African Americans and people of color living in newly independent formerly colonized countries. Work cited Dudziak, Mary L. Cold War Civil Rights: Race and the Image of American Democracy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 2011. Stanford Scholar Tells History of Cold War from African American Perspective. Stanford News, March 8, 2017. Accessed December 7, 2018. https://news.stanford.edu/2017/03/08/cold-war-african-american-perspective/. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-73817353920793526232020-05-13T19:04:00.001-07:002020-05-13T19:04:03.326-07:00Vaccine Safety Concerns Of Vaccines Essay - 2260 Words The debate about vaccines has been going on since the development of the first vaccine. By understanding how Dr. Jenner developed the first vaccine and how vaccines have impacted society as a whole, one can gain insight into their importance. Vaccine safety concerns are on the rise, but researchers are attempting to ease worries by providing facts and clarity on the subject of vaccines. Knowing the facts about vaccines is important for one to recognize misinformation and poor logic as well as the misinterpretation of existing information about health concerns associated with vaccines. Because of these health and safety concerns, many parents question the benefits of vaccines. First one should understand the history of how the first vaccine came to be and the evolution over the last two centuries. Dr. Edward Jenner is the English doctor responsible for the creation of the first vaccine. Dr. Jenner noticed that milkmaids exposed to cowpox contracted smallpox at much lower rates than ot hers (Riedel, 2005). This realization led to the discovery that exposure to the milder cowpox enabled the milkmaids to create the necessary antibodies to prevent smallpox (Lee Carson-Dewitt, 2016, p. 2). By discovering this association, Dr. Jenner was nearly able to eliminate the smallpox virus altogether (Lee Carson-Dewitt, 2016, p. 2). This one discovery has resulted in the development of many vaccines saving millions of lives from experiencing many life-threatening diseases (Lee Show MoreRelatedEncephalitis Essay989 Words à |à 4 PagesEncephalitis (JE) vaccines were produced in the 1930s by the Japanese and Russians, and similar vaccines were used for the U.S. armies during the world war II (1). The first Nakayama strain based inactivated mouse brain-derived (IMB) JE vaccine was licensed in Japan in 1954 (2) and in the United States in 1992à (3). It then became the most widely used JE vaccine internationally and was also a part of the routine immunization programs in some Asian countries (4). However, concerns appeared regardingRead MoreBenefits And Risks Of Recommended Child Immunizations Essay1461 Words à |à 6 Pagesaddressing the long term outcomes and the entire immunization schedule. Engaging parents in the stages of development is crucial to address any concerns about the childhood vaccines. The process of development of these vaccines have undergone years of approval and improvements. Parents need to understand how much time and effort has gone into developing these vaccines. By closing the gap of confusion and questions, parents can feel more secure in their decision to immunize their children. Introduction/ProblemRead MoreThe Vaccine Controversy Essay examples1641 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Vaccine Controversy Janira Sanchez Intro to Biology Professor Martin July 22, 2010 The Vaccine Controversy The vaccine controversy is the dispute over the morality, ethics, effectiveness, and /or safety of vaccinations. The medical and scientific evidence is that the benefits of preventing suffering and death from infectious diseases outweigh rare adverse effects of immunization. Since vaccination began in the late 18th century, opponents have claimed that vaccines do notRead MoreThe Importance Of Vaccination1241 Words à |à 5 Pagesattend public schools. These are also only a few of the many, dangerous diseases that affect children. All vaccinations need to be made mandatory by the government, and this is the only way we can ensure the safety of children and the community. Many studies show an increase in the local risk of vaccine-preventable diseases when there is a geographic region of people refusing vaccination. For example, in Michigan, there was a significant correlation documented between geographic regions of nonmedical exemptionsRead MoreAutism Is A Neurodevelopmental Disorder962 Words à |à 4 Pagesgreat public health concern. The genetics plays a role in autisms. However, environmental factors also can trigger autism. So the question about whether vaccination is one of these environmental factors was raised. Vaccines may trigger autism due to several reasons. First of all, thimerosal is a preservative in certain vaccines. About half of its weight is mercury (Hg) which could lead to autism (Delong, 2011, p.904). Therefore, thimerosal has been eliminated from many vaccines, but not all of themRead MoreWhy Should Vaccinations Be Important? Essay1502 Words à |à 7 Pages To or to not vaccinate your children? Seems to be the question a lot of parents are debating. With such a big decision, it is encouraged to become educated with the principles of vaccinations, the safety of vaccinations with both sides of the debate, and the time frame that children receive vaccinations from birth to 18 years of age. Immunity. What is it? Why is it so important? And what does it do for us? To understand why vaccinations are so important, it is important to understand what immunityRead MoreHuman Papillomavirus Vaccine Controversy : Susan Le1707 Words à |à 7 Pages Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Controversy Susan Le California State University, Sacramento Abstract Human Papillomavirus is a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease that is believed to be the precursor of several cancers, especially cervical cancer. 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Largely centered around a study published in 1998 in the British medical journal ââ¬Å"The Lancetâ⬠, there has been an upsurge in concerns of the safety of vaccinations and a resulting decrease in their usage, which has lead to a somewhat anachronistic return of these diseases. While some parents concerns over the safety of vaccinations are based upon the well-intentioned desire to keep children safe from autism, the act of not vaccinating children actually causes far greaterRead MoreThe Medical Influence Of The American Medical Association1263 Words à |à 6 PagesI am writing out of concern that the medical influence of our southern neighbour - the US - is gaining ground in our country. The American Medical Association, in particular, aims to influence our doctors towards changing how we do medicine in Canada. The recent annual Halifax meeting last August 23 to 26, f or instance, conducted under the leadership of the Canadian Medical Association, has an 80,000 member group ready to lobby for mandatory vaccinations (Mihalovic n.p.). If their influence among Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-82823899772827571682020-05-06T14:10:00.001-07:002020-05-06T14:10:47.213-07:00An Example of an Introduction Free Essays An Example Of An Introduction How to write an Introduction It is the intention of this essay to critically analyse how a manager is able to plan, organise, lead and control the introduction of a self management team at Aerospace Technology Port Melbourne manufacturing plant. Secondly, this essay will also critically analyse how a self managing team leader is able to involve team members in problem identification, team meetings and rostering and strategic thinking and problem solving. Thirdly, this essay will seek to critically analyse how team leaders within a self managing team are able to empower other team members to become involve in problem identification and brainstorming of solutions to achieve a competitive advantage over key rivals. We will write a custom essay sample on An Example of an Introduction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Body of Essay An Example Of How To Construct A Six Step Paragraph Step one: Write a lead in sentence that refers back to the essay topic It is the intention of this paragraph to analyse how and when Drug Inc. enior managers can deal with resistance to change, downsizing and casualisation of non-core employees. Step Two: Cite expert opinion to support your upcoming cause and effect analytical example. Kotter Schlesinger (1979), as cited in Wood et al. , (2006:504), argues that there are six ways to deal with resistance to change namely education and communication, participation and involvement, support and facilitation, negotiation and agreement, manipulation and cooptation and explicit coercion. Step Three: Write a measurable cause and effect analytical example Drug Inc. top managers have decided to downsize and casualise its non-core workforce to reduce labour costs and introduce internet selling as part of its operations. However, these changes can impact on employees and may lead to a decrease in job satisfaction, absenteeism, morale, uncertain and fear of future employment. Therefore the Drug Inc. managers implement its changes by implementing a strategic planned change management approach that deals with resistance to change processes. Step Four: Cite expert opinion to support your analysis of the advantages of: Makawatsukul Kleiner (2003), argues that the key advantages of managers and change agents being actively involved in managing change is that they are able to inform employees about the impending change being planned with open and honest communication, and by expressing the reason for downsizing. In stage 2 the remaining employees should be involved in redesigning and improving their job roles and responsibilities. In stage 3 Drug Inc. generous remuneration offers should be made to the survivors of the downsizing to highlight how valued they are by management. In addition Makawatsukul Kleiner (2003), also argues that the Drug Inc. needs to provide stress management, skill assessment, career counselling, workplace placement programs while training programs should also be provided to the remaining employees, in an effort increase their confidence and skills in performing new job roles. Step Five: Cite expert opinion to support your analysis of the disadvantages of: Whereas, Dawson, (1996), as cited in Saka (2002), argues that the key disadvantage of managers and change agents not communicating to employees the impending threat of downsizing and job redesign may result in an increase in rumours that leads to an increase in staff absenteeism, a decline in staff morale and loyalty that could ultimately result in an increase in staff turnover of highly talented and core employees. Step Six: Write a concluding sentence (or two) that summarises the key point(s) contained in the paragraph In conclusion, resistance to downsizing within the Drug Inc. organization can only be overcome if employees concerns are dealt with openly and honestly and the survivors new job roles and responsibilities are clearly defined and opportunities for training and development and advancement are explained to each employee on an individual basis. An example of how to write an excellent paragraph This is a repeat of the previous page but in the correct paragraphing format) It is the intention of this paragraph to analyse how and when Drug Inc. senior managers can deal with resistance to change, downsizing and casualisation of non-core employees. Kotter Schlesinger (1979), as cited in Wood et al. , (2006:504), argues that there are six ways to deal with resistance to change namely education and communication, participation and involvement, support and facilitation, negotiation and agre ement, manipulation and cooptation and explicit coercion. Drug Inc. top managers have decided to downsize and casualise its non-core workforce to reduce labour costs and introduce internet selling as part of its operations. However, these changes can impact on employees and may lead to a decrease in job satisfaction, absenteeism, morale, uncertain and fear of future employment. Therefore the Drug Inc. managers implement its changes by implementing a strategic planned change management approach that deals with resistance to change processes. Makawatsukul Kleiner (2003), argues that the key advantages of managers and change agents being actively involved in managing change is that they are able to inform employees about the impending change being planned with open and honest communication, and by expressing the reason for downsizing. In stage 2 the remaining employees should be involved in redesigning and improving their job roles and responsibilities. In stage 3 Drug Inc. enerous remuneration offers should be made to the survivors of the downsizing to highlight how valued they are by management. In addition Makawatsukul Kleiner (2003), also argues that the Drug Inc. needs to provide stress management, skill assessment, career counselling, workplace placement programs while training programs should also be provided to the remaining employees, in an effort increase their confidence and skills in performing new job roles. Whereas, Dawson (1996), as cited in Saka (2002), argues that the key disadvantage of managers and change agents not communicating to employees the impending threat of downsizing and job redesign may result in an increase in rumours that leads to an increase in staff absenteeism, a decline in staff morale and loyalty that could ultimately result in an increase in staff turnover of highly talented and core employees. In conclusion, resistance to downsizing within the Drug Inc. organization can only be overcome if employees concerns are dealt with openly and honestly and the survivors new job roles and responsibilities are clearly defined and opportunities for training and development and advancement are explained to each employee on an individual basis. An Example Of A Conclusion In conclusion, the key issues identified within the KD Transport case study are John the Managing Directorââ¬â¢s autocratic leadership style, his autocratic decision making style and involvement in job analysis and job redesign in preparation for downsizing non core job roles. In order to overcome the issues identified in KD Transport, these issues should be addressed efficiently. The first key problem identified is that John the Managing Director of KD Transport should be ready to change his traits and behaviours to overcome the problems facing at the moment due to his autocratic leadership style and autocratic decision making. The first key recommendation is that John adopts more participative leadership style over the current autocratic leadership style because it is likely to result in creative and innovative ideas, employee involvement in decision making that generate a broad range of actions that could be considered for implementation. The second key problem identified in the case study is that John the Managing Director should involve fellow managers and employees in the decision making process. The second key recommendation is that John adopts participative decision making where the Managing Director seeks input from other managers and employees and it is likely to result in increased employee satisfaction, improved staff loyalty, increased productivity and more informal efficient decision making outcomes. The third key issue identified is that John should involve HR personnel in job analysis and job redesign process. The third key recommendation is that John the Managing Director seek the involvement of HR Personnel or a HR consultant in employee downsizing, job analysis and job redesign process because HR personnel have the expertise to conduct job analysis and identify which job roles should be downsized and which employees and job roles should survive in order to achieve short term as well as long term organizational goals and objectives. Furthermore, the HR personnel has the expertise to design a training and coaching process for the survivors of the re-organisation process at KD Transport to perform the new job roles and responsibilities as a result of the job redesign process that occurred with the amalgamation of three warehouses into one. Finally, John the Managing Director should take all the aforesaid factors into consideration in order to facilitate the smooth running of the business and over come the current problems that KD Transport is experiencing. An Brief Example Of A Bibliography (A bibliography must be in alphabetical order of authors cited) References: Compton, R. , Morrissey, W. , and Nankervis, A. , (2006), Effective Recruitment and selection practices, 4th edition, CCH Aust Ltd, Sydney Deresky, H (2008), International Management: Managing across borders and cultures, 6th edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA. Fish, A. , Bhanuogopan, R Cogin, J. , (2008), ââ¬ËValue orientations as predicators of cultural and business impactââ¬â¢, Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 30-48. Fu, P. , Yukl, G. , (2000), ââ¬ËPerceived effectiveness of influence tactics in the United States and Chinaââ¬â¢, Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 2. pp. 35-55. Hayes, D. , Ninemeier, J. , (2008), Human Resources in he Hospitality Industry, John Wiley Sons Inc How To Cite Textbooks And Journals In Your Bibliography Citing textbooks in your bibliography is as follows: Surname, Initial of Christian Name, (Year of Publication) Title of Textbook, Name of Publisher, Place of Publication. Citing journals in your bibliography is as follows: Surname, Initial of Christian Name, (Year of Publication), Title of journal article, Name of journal article, Volume, Issue Number, Page Numbers. How to cite An Example of an Introduction, Essay examples Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-86104942228884051162020-05-05T14:48:00.001-07:002020-05-05T14:48:09.553-07:00Government Structure free essay sample For those of you interested in business-?the majority no doubt-? this is an important course as it provides an understanding of the core structures businesses must understand when dealing with government. As citizens, this ours provides you a framework for understanding how you might protect your rights.Learnt Eng Objectives This introductory offering in public administration puts forward the following objectives: * To provide an overview of the organizational structure and responsibilities of Canadian federal public sector organizations * To introduce you to the basic management framework for Canadian public sector management * TO survey public sector structure and management differences in the federal, provincial and municipal governments * To understand public sector info ounces on Canadian business and civil society * To increase your skills ND confidence in conducting research and writing papers Approach Taken The course will consist of three hours of interactive lecture given w eekly through two 1. 5 hour classes in accordance with the schedule provided later in this syllabus. You will be expected to prepare for each class by reading the assigned readings and actively participating in classroom discussions. As outlined in the evaluation section, class attendance and participation will be assessed. All course administration and assignment submissions be conducted through Bleary. Important Note about Course Content and Assessment The approach to the course is similar across all four sections.However sections will deviate based on the individual class discussions and the issues individual professors will raise in their respective classes. Note that the professor for your section is responsible for assigning your mark including participation points. Your section professor is responsible for developing the mid-term and final exams for his/her particular section. As such, while exams may be similar in format, they may differ in specifics. In addition to the readings listed, in this syllabus, you may also be assessed on material covered during class conscious. You are responsible for attending the specific section of the course in which you are registered. So do not squat in other sections.Learning Materials For each class there are prescribed readings identified in this Syllabus and it is important that you read those materials before class so youre in a much better position to participate in class discussions. Do not letterpress fall behind in your readings. The learning materials are : 1 . Textbook -C. Richard Tindal. A Citizens Guide to Government, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill Reason, Toronto 2005- available in the book store. 2. Short Reader for Bachelor of Management 2801 Government Structure Fall 2012- available from Cilias Photocopy, 1525 Lamarckian SST. [emailprotected] Ca This short reader contains those readings not available electronically except for the Tindal text which you should purchase.NOTE these individual readings will be placed on 2 hour reserve in the Kills Library. However we are allowed to place only one copy on reserve per 30 students. Consequently, it is best to secure your readings well in advance of when they need to be read. 3. Class Bleary Site Readings where publicly available, are on the class ABLE site to be downloaded. A Full 2801 Reader which includes items 2 and 3 above, can be ordered from Cilias Photocopy, 1525 Lamarckian SST. [emailprotected] Ca. While more costly, it will provide you, In one place, all the readings except for those in the Tindal text which you should purchase from the book store.Communications via Bleary: A Bleary site will be established to support your section of this course and it will be the primary tool for course communications. You are responsible for submitting all assignments via the Bleary site for your section by midnight (11:59 p. M. ) on the date due. The Bleary site will be populated with class lecture slides, and possibly other materials as the term develops. These readings are not intended to cover all material included in the course and youre responsible for considering all readings, handouts, videos, newspaper articles, and lecture comments when preparing for the midterm and final examinations. Method of Evaluation * Assignment * % of Final Mark * Throughout Term I Participation I September 15th @ midnight I * Due Date I * Attendance I * Throughout Term * Autobiography I * Individual Writing Assignment Essay #1 28th @ midnight I term Exam (topics 1-8) October 10th or 11th, T BAA I September * Mid- * Individual Writing Assignment Essay #2 | ;k November 9th @ midnight I * End of term Examination (all topics) I examination period, December 2012 *Total I Us benison of Written Assignments * During formal All assignments are expected to be submitted electronically through Bleary on the due date, unless otherwise approved by the instructor.Ten percent (10%) will be deducted for each 24 hour period that the assignment is late and after 72 hours a mark of zero (O) will be rendered. If you are at all concerned or uncomfortable that your assignment upload was unsuccessful, he assignment may be emailed to your TA as a backup. It is your responsibility to doublespeak your file uploads. Any submissions missing file extensions or assignment attachments will be considered a non- submission. The required format for electronic submissions is Word 2007 (. Doc). The file name should include your first initial and last name followed by the assignment name such as J Public 1st short. Note that all assignments are individual assignments.Components of the Course The course is composed of three hours of class per week comprised of a combination of lecture and discussions. Course sessions are conducted with he expectation that you come to class having read all assigned material for the class and are prepared to discuss that material. It will also help if you keep abreast of current affairs in public administration/government. The current affairs that are discussed in class are examinable material. Attendance (4 points) ongoing Attendance will account for 4 % of your final grade and will be taken regularly. Students will be provided with two (2) free absences throughout the term for which no penalty will be recorded.For any additional absences, students will have one (1 ) point deducted from their final course mark for each missed lass without a medical doctors verification of illness up to a maximum of the 4 points available for attendance. Students who are absent from a class are responsible for the material covered during class. Please do your best to ensure that other commitments do not conflict with our regular class meetings. Material discussed in class, particularly matters of current affairs, can be examined on the mid-term and final exam. Participation (3 points) ongoing To help facilitate in class discussion, you may be asked to address issues of current affairs.The instructor may seek your input verbally in class, in rating or through your participation in a current affairs survey. This participation component will be valued at 3 points and awarded by your instructor based on the method of evaluation chosen by your instructor. These components will be assigned by your instructor and posted on BLESS. These issues could arise out of matters discussed or to be discussed in class. For example in classes 20, 21 22 you will be asked to review websites of Federal, Provincial and Municipal organizations and/or via the current affairs survey. It is possible that you will be asked to address questions associated with organizational issues presented on those sites.You can be called upon at any time, after each of the above submissions, to discuss your submission in class. In class discussion of your ideas is an essential aspect of university level studies. Consequently, your in class discussion may impact the mark you receive on that submission. Autobiography (3 points) September 15th The Who Am assignment is an introduction for yourself in 500-750 words. As part of your participation mark (3 points) can be achieved by depositing it in the drop box by Friday, September 14th at midnight. Your introduction, will only be available to your instructor and T A. The TA will mark it for writing Tyler and grammar.The autobiography should address the following: 1-? Name, number of years in university number of years since high school graduation 2- Where are you from? Community and undergraduate program. 3- What contribution do you want to make to your firm/agency, society, your family? Why is that contribution important? 4- What types of business or volunteer activities have you worked at? 5- Have you, or someone you know well, been involved in, public administration. If yes, what was the nature of that involvement? 6- Have you, or someone you know well, been involved in, or interested in, politics. If yes, what was the nature of that involvement? 7- What do you want to get out of this class? What media stories-newspaper, radio , television or social media circulated articles have you been following recently? (Maximum 3 examples) Essays- Individual Writing Assignments 2 (15 points each for a total of 30 points) There are two individual essay writing assignments for MGM 2801. Students are required to prepare a short essay (750 1000 words) in reply to the assignment questions below. The word limit is inclusive Of references, quotations, and title page. You should present your ideas through a Houghton and concise manner. It is expected that you will follow generally accepted norms of evidenced- based opinion writing. You can be critical and provocative, provided your criticisms are put forward clearly, logically, and persuasively. All quotations should note the page of the article from which they are taken. A high standard of writing will apply for these assignments, including the format, footnotes, and references. Since communication is an important managerial skill, you will be marked for both content and style, including the proper use of grammar and spelling. A research guide has been created by he Kills Library Staff to assist you with your research, particularly in finding journals and articles pertaining to Public Administration: http:// The research support for this Public Administration class can be found at the following link: http://deal. Ca. Liberties. Com/content. PH? Picnicsid=150776 .Your written work must be: * in proper grammatical form * type-written and submitted via the Bleary * double spaced * in 12-point font, (Times New Roman or Arial) * given a one-inch wide margins on all four sides * include page numbers * include a separate title page properly annotated using the MEAL style dude (footnotes or endnotes) with a separate title page and a bibliography of works used or cited. Additional information and instructions concerning the assignments may be presented during class time. You can be called upon at any time, after each of the submissions, to discuss your submission in class. Your in class discussion, of your ideas, is an essential aspect of university level studies. Consequently your in class discussion may impact the mark you receive on that subs session. You can use citation software such as Ref Works, which is available to you for free as a Dalhousie student. It can create your bibliography and citations automatically.The program can also change the citation style electronically if you are required to use other submission styles such as PAP or Harvard, for example. F you are not sure about preparing citations, you should take the Ref Works tutorial and/or a Ref Work course through the library. By recording all your research materials in Ref Works, you will find it easier to create and annotate all papers that you write. View http://www. Barbarically. Ca/How/Revokes for more information. Essay 1 Individual Writing Assignment # 1- Its a Matter of Choice (15 points) September 28th SST Essay Topic : Outline what you think the priorities of government (you can think Of government as a whole, or one Of the national, provincial, and municipal levels) should be in 201 2, giving the rationale for your choice.This assignment can be approached in two ways: (1) Referring to Table 1. 1 (Tindal, p. 7) which three of these items should be the governments highest priority and why? OR (2) Referring to Table 1. 1 (Tindal, p. 7) address one government priority on the list from three perspectives (e. G. , you could use perspectives of a university student, a parent and a grandparents to explore one priority) Essay 2 Individual Writing Assignment Machinery of Government (15 points) November 9th 2nd Essay Topic: The differing interests and responsibilities of politicians and bureaucrats are thought to create tensions in the relationship between these two groups of actors.What are these tensions and their implications for good public management Mid-term Exam (20 points) October 10 or 11 TAB The mid-term will consist of questions on the material covered up to and including class 8. End of Term Examination (40 points) The End of Term Examination will give you an opportunity to demonstrate our knowledge of government structure and organization. You will be responsible for all readings, lesson notes, handouts and material discussed in class In preparing for the exam. If you plan to be away from Halifax following the end of classes, do not book your flights or make other arrangements un til your exam dates are posted. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-40848309675518499362020-04-01T15:26:00.001-07:002020-04-01T15:26:03.031-07:001984 By George Orwell Essays (2872 words) - Nineteen Eighty-Four 1984 By George Orwell We are introduced to Winston Smith the main character of the story. Works at Ministry of truth. Ministry of truth is one of four government buildings in destroyed London, the main city of Airstrip One, a province of Oceania. Year is 1984 and three countries are at war, Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia. Oceania is run by the party whose leader is Big Brother. Winston is sick of his life in the ruined city and decides to keep a diary. This is against the law in Oceania. He felt his feelings begin to hate Emmanuel Goldstein, leader of the enemy party. He also spots O'Brien, a party leader whose eyes he see's a bit of political sympthy. See's young girl who he dislikes. He feels it is only a matter of time before his though crimes are detected. A knock at the door he thinks is police. Mrs. Parsons, his neighbor is at the door and asked him to unclog a sink. He does it but smells sweat all over the apartment. Mrs. Parsons is a follower of party doctrine and a fellow employee at the ministry. The children are members of Spies, a youth that encourages spying and telling on traitors, including parents. Winston is revolted. He returns home and writes a couple more minutes before going back to work. He remenbers a dream where O'Brien tole him he would meet him in a place wher there is no darkness. He washes his hands and hides the diary Reaction Major ideas, conflicts and themes are introduced. We are shown how the earth has changed, into 3 main contenients. we are also introduced to the main character and how he fits into the new world. Also we are shown how the computer age has taken over peoples minds. The language is easy to understand, it has not really changed much over time. Seems like nothing left after nuclear war, just ruins remaining. We are introduced to Tom Parsons which Winston is contrasted with. The city is very drab. Quotes "Big brother is watching you, the caption beneath it said" "Thoughtcrime was not a thing that could be concealed for ever." 1984 -George Orwell MONDAY, NOV 15, 1993 Summary Chapter 3,4 and 5 Waking from dreams, he remembers his mother and sister, and can barely remember their disappearence and feels responsible for there deaths. He has another dream where he is in the perfect countryside with the girl he had noticed eariler. He dreamed she stripped for him. This time he is woken up by the telescreen, telling him to do his exercises. He thinks about how much power the Party has over all information. Begins work at the ministry of truth. His job is to correct printed articles in line with the Party's orders. The Ministry and records department jobs are to rewrite history to make the party look good. They get a break because of the 2 minute hate. When he gets back he replaces a speech by Big Brother with invented history. Makes up story about a man named Ogilvy. The article had become contrary to the present party policy. It is replaced as though is never existed. Winston meets Syme, a philologist, for lunch. Syme explains parts about Newspeak. They are joined by Parsons. Winston thinks of the fate that each co-worker will recieve. Syme will be vapourized because he is to smart, where Parsons is dull enough to escape vapourization. He is the only one who has not been taken over by the propaganda that is always being brodcast. He notices the same girl from the other day starring at him and thinks it is the thought police. Reaction The Golden country that he dreams about is definatly a release or a freedom from the the drabness of London. Also from the party. We are introduced to the fact that he has no mother or father or sisters or brothers anymore because they were taken by the party. He is realizing that he is rebelling against the party and he understands that he is at risk. Winston is in search of the truth and is concerned because of the party's ability to change history. We find that he likes his work even though it is for the party and against morals. He is introduced to the girl that will play a big part in the book most likely. Quotes "People in the Records Department did not talk readily about there jobs." "Winstons greatest pleasure in life was his Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-71301225870963048262020-03-07T23:22:00.001-08:002020-03-07T23:22:02.331-08:00Somethingââ¬â¢s Not Right (A Poem)Somethingââ¬â¢s Not Right (A Poem) Something's Not Right I just stopped by to say good night Before going to bed, When suddenly I saw something so shocking It puzzled my head I covered my eyes Not my mother and my sister lying nude in the bed I quickly ran off and tried to forget what I had seen But not now I see it in my dreams Till this I cant sleep without my light Someone please help me Something's Not Right Something's Not Right It appears I play video games too much And I don't know why Mother tells me to turn them off And I do, no that's a lie I can put them down And sadly it's affecting my grades I'm not a dumb jock I'll do something great with my life But as of today I'm the worlds Greatest PS2 player Something's Not Right Something's Not Right I've got a secret I need to keep It's why I run off into the night Sadly I'm in love with someone mother doesn't like She never gives him a chance I guess she doesn't remember when she was a teen Young love can be so intoxicating And at times mother is just mean She ha tes where he lives And she hates his color, and age He's the first guy I ever meet to both love and be friend me And she hates that too But most of all its his name she hates, I think it's beautiful and I love him to death Is that wrong? His name is Hennessey Something's Not RightSomething's Wrong Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-16661719913725147242020-02-20T14:46:00.001-08:002020-02-20T14:46:02.694-08:00The use of sound in Psycho Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsThe use of sound in Psycho - Essay Example Depending on the theme, the uses of sound serve different purposes. It can also be used to overlay or preempt an episode; it also serves as a connector to an already happening event or marks a transition. Arguably, sound is an extremely important aspect of film production. As such, the paper focuses on the use of sound in the film Psycho. The instrumental role played by sound takes the legendary position enjoyed by the movie itself. It has an expressive and effective sound effects system that includes music, dialogue and other instruments. Sound in an input to the general film landscape that attempt to re-innovate and energize view. Its main intention is to improve comprehension and ability to pre-empt next scene events. Psycho is an American horror-thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock in the 1960s having the main actors as Vera Miles, Anthony Perkins, Janet Leigh and John Gavin. In the beginning, a theme of psychological instability remains hidden; however, as the movie continues several scenes of psychological distress appears. The temptation to steal the $40,000 overcomes her conscience making her escape town to Bates motel where she meets her death. Conceivably, Psycho remains one of the best films produced by Hitchcock due to the great cinematic art. Music in the film is influential in conveying tension, d read and transition of events. The primary aim of music in any film is to reveal the spontaneous human elements and virtually human relations. Evidently, the ear has not undergone highly industrialized order or bourgeois rational transformation to handle reality from different commodities, objects or practical activity contrary to the eye (Kramer, Leppert & Goldmark, 2007). Undoubtedly, listening and seeing do not match; therefore, have not kept pace with technological transformation. In many instances, the ear remains a passive organ, which cannot relay the actual message in relation to the Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-73523581791401605192020-02-04T21:42:00.001-08:002020-02-04T21:42:03.010-08:00International Management College Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsInternational Management College - Assignment Example Being open at the very outset will help set the mindset of the workforce, who would then be able to work with a clear set of requirements (both at an individual as well as at the organizational level). 3. Educate the workers on modern industry: the new manager also has to ensure that the Chinese workers are well-educated about changes in work practices and the way in which modern industry is profit oriented. This will pave the way for bringing out any opinions on the part of the workers, which may be addressed well in time. Such issues generally require that the manager be skilled enough so as not to offend the sentiments of the Chinese workers, which requires that the manager have prior exposure to Chinese culture and the way things need to be said and done under it. 4. Motivate workers: the new manager can help further the interests of the company by offering performance based incentives in the form of financial benefits. This requires that the manager monitor the performance of every worker and keep track of those who are performing better in comparison to others. Other sources of motivation such as promotions etc. also work a long way in this regard. 5. 5. Encourage feedback and suggestions from workers: the manager must understand the fact that it is the worker who spends most of the time in the manufacturing process, and as such has a better knowledge of how the production can be improved within the existing framework. Typical examples in this regard could be scenarios whereas certain stages of production are underutilized and others are unable to cope up with the supply and demand. Under such situations, it is the workers who can offer better suggestions. Gathering such information requires that the manager establish effective communication with the workers and make efforts to obtain feedback from them on a regular basis. CHANGES TO COMPENSATION PACKAGE Keeping in view that the manager is supposed to work in a foreign country; two important changes to the compensation package are suggested. The first and the foremost change to the compensation package would be decide the salary amount depending on the personal income tax rates of the country where the manager is supposed to work (China in this case). This is extremely crucial as tax rates vary from country to country and having a fair idea of the tax rates for a particular country is absolutely important in order to cut down on the costs (incurred in sending the expatriate to another country, which is substantially more than hiring local managers in China). Secondly, changes have to be made to the compensation package to accommodate the expenditure incurred for the purpose of schooling. This is because of the fact that the children of expatriates most likely would prefer an international school, which is quite costly in almost any city. As such, considering these costs is quite imp ortant while deciding upon the compensation package. REFERENCES 1. Geoffrey W. Latta (2006), the Future of Expatriate Compensation. Found at: Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-37684698243039135852020-01-27T18:06:00.001-08:002020-01-27T18:06:02.868-08:00Optimization of Benchmark Functions using VTS-ABC AlgorithmOptimization of Benchmark Functions using VTS-ABC Algorithm Performance Optimization of Benchmark Functions using VTS-ABC Algorithm Twinkle Guptaà and Dharmender Kumar Abstractà A new variant based on tournament selection called VTS-ABC algorithm is provided in this paper. Its performance is compared with standard ABC algorithm with different size of data on several Benchmark functions and results show that VTS-ABC provides better quality of solution than original ABC algorithm in every case. Keywordsââ¬â Artificial Bee Colony Algorithms, Nature-Inspired Meta-heuristics,Optimizations, Swarm Intelligence Algorithms, Tournament selection. NOMENCLATURE ABC ââ¬â Artificial Bee Colony ACO ââ¬â Ant Colony Optimization BFS ââ¬â Blocking Flow-Shop Scheduling DE ââ¬â Differential Evolution EA ââ¬â Evolutionary Algorithm GA ââ¬â Genetic Algorithm MCN ââ¬â Maximum Cycle Number PSO ââ¬â Particle Swarm Optimization TS ââ¬â Tournament size TSP ââ¬â Travelling Salesman Problem 1.INTRODUCTION For optimization problems, various algorithms havebeendesigned which are basedonnature-inspiredconcepts [1].Evolutionary algorithms(EA) and swarmoptimizationalgorithmsare two different classes in which nature inspired algorithms are classified.Evolutionary algorithms like Geneticalgorithms (GA)andDifferentialevolution (DE) attempt to carry out the phenomenon ofnaturalevolution [2]. However, a swarm like ant colony, a flock of birds can be described as collection of interacting agents and their intelligence lieintheir way of interactions with other individuals andtheenvironment [3]. Swarm optimization includes Particle swarm optimization (PSO) modelon socialbehaviorofbirdflocking [4], Antcolony optimization (ACO) model on swarmofants and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) model on the intelligent foraging behaviour of honey bees [5]. Some important characteristics of ABC algorithm which makesitmoreattractivethanotheroptimizationalgorithms are: Employs only three control parameters (population size, maximum cycle number and limit) [6]. Fastconvergencespeed. Quite simple, flexible and robust [7] [8]. Easyintegrationwithotheroptimizationalgorithms. Therefore, ABC algorithm is a very popular nature inspired meta-heuristic algorithm used to solve various kinds of optimization problems. In recent years, ABC has earned so much popularity and used widely in various application such as: Constrained optimization, Image processing, Clustering, Engineering Design, Blocking flow shop scheduling (BFS), TSP, Bioinformatics, Scheduling and many others [9]-[18].Similar to other stochastic population-based approaches like GA, Ant Colony etc. ABC algorithm also applied Roulette Wheel selection mechanism which chooses best solution always with high selection pressure and leads the algorithm into premature convergence. With ever-growing size of dataset, optimization of algorithm has become a big concern. This calls for a need of better algorithm. The aim of this paper is to create such an algorithm named VTS-ABC algorithm. This new variant is based on tournament selection mechanism and selects variable tournament size each time in order to select the employed bees sharing their information with onlooker bees. Onlooker bees select solution from selected tournament size of solutions with less selection pressure so that high fitness solutions canââ¬â¢t dominate and give better quality of solutions with large data set as well. A worst solution is also replaced by better solution generated randomly in each cycle. Rest of the paper is divided in different sections as follows: Introduction to standard ABC algorithm is described in section 2. Section 3 describes the proposed VTS-ABC algorithm. Experiments and its simulation results to show performance on several Benchmark functions are described in section 4 and in the last; Conclusion of the paper is discussed. 2.ARTIFICIAL BEE COLONY ALGORITHM In 2005, Karaboga firstly proposed Artificial Bee Colony algorithm for optimizing numerical problems [19] which includes employed bees, onlooker bees and scouts. The bee carrying out search randomly is known as a scout. The bee going to the food source visited by it before and sharing its information with onlooker bees is known as employed bee and the bee waiting on the dance area called onlooker bee. ABC algorithm as a collective intelligence searching model has three essential components: Employed bees, Unemployed bees (onlooker and scout bees) and Food sources. In the view of optimization problem, a food source represents a possible solution. The position of a good food source indicates the solution providing better results to the given optimization problem. The quality of nectar of a food source represents the fitness value of the associated solution. Initially, a randomly distributed food source position of SNsize, the size of employed bees or onlooker bees is generated. Each solution xi is a D-dimensional vector that represents the number of optimized parameters and produced usingthe equation 1: where,xmaxandxminare the upper and lower bound of the parameterxi,respectively and j denotes the dimension. The fitness of food sources to find the global optimal is calculated by the following formula: where, fm(xm)is the objective function value of xm. Then the employed bee phase starts. In this phase, each employed bee xi finds a new food source viin its neighborhood using the equation 3: where, t: Cycle number; : Randomly chosen employed bee and k is not equal to i ; ( ): A series of random variable in the range [-1, 1]. The fitness of new solution produced is compared with that of current solution and memorizes the better one by means of a greedy selection mechanism. Employed bees share their information about food sources with onlooker bees waiting in the hive and onlooker bees probabilistically choose their food sources using fitness based selection technique such as roulette wheel selection shown in equation 4: where, Pi: Probability of selecting the ith employed bee, S: Size of employed bees, à ¸i: Position of the ith employed bee and F : Fitness value. Afterthatonlookerbeescarried outrandomly searchintheirneighborhood similar to employed bees and memorize the better one. Employed bees whose solutions canââ¬â¢t be improved through a predetermined number of cycles, called limit, become scouts and their solutions are abandoned. Then, they find a new random food source position using the following equation 5: Where, r: A random number between 0 and 1 and these steps are repeated through a predetermined number of cycles called Maximum Cycle Number (MCN). 3.PROPOSED WORK: VTS-ABC ALGORITHM In every meta-heuristic algorithm mainly two factors need to be balanced for global optimization outcome i.e. Exploration and Exploitation but ABC is a poor balance of these two factors. Various variants of ABC have been modelled for its improvement in different phases by number of researchers like Sharma and Pant have proposed a variant of ABC called RABC for solving the numerical optimization problem [20] and Tsai et al. have presented an interactive ABC optimization algorithm to solve combinational optimization problem [21] in which the concept of universal gravitational force for the movement of onlooker bees is introduced to enhance the exploration ability of the ABC algorithm. D. Kumar and B. Kumar also reviewed various papers on ABC and give a modified RABC algorithm based on topology for optimization of benchmark functions [22] [23]. Intelligence of ABC algorithm mainly depends upon the communication between individual agents. Employed beesshare their information with onlooker bees waiting in the hive and flow of this information from one individual to another depends on the selection mechanism used. Different selection schemes select different individuals to share the information which affect the communication ability of individuals and primarily the outcome of the algorithm. ABC algorithm uses Roulette wheel selection mechanism in which each onlooker bee selects the food source based on certain probability. Each onlooker bee selects the best food source with high selection pressure and lead to premature convergence. To overcome this problem, its new variant is proposed in which Tournament Selection method is applied based on Cycle number and number of employed bees. In Tournament selection, a tournament size (TS) is chosen to select the number of employed bees sharing the information with onlooker bees. For better exploration, TS=2 i.e. Binary Tournament is applied in early stages and for better exploitation, variable tournament size is applied based on the current cycle number (CYL) and size of employed bee in middle stages. As the stages grow, this method works similar to Roulette wheel method in the end. Hence, the selection pressure is less in early stages and more in final stages which provide us better quality of solution. As variable size of tournament is used at different stages of the algorithm, hence the algorithm named VTS-ABC (Variable Tournament Size Artificial Bee Colony) algorithm. Method used for calculating TS is shown in equation 6 and equation 7: If SN >= 20 If SN Where Here, two equations are shown for calculating tournament size of tournament selection method. The purpose of using these two equations is to increase the speed of algorithm. When the size of employed bee i.e. given population of food source positions is small like 10, a solution can be easily found by changing the tournament size by 1 but as the size grows i.e. when best food source position is to be found in large set of population for example when SN=40 or more than 40, increasing size of tournament by 1 and 2 only is a very tedious task as it will take more time to run the algorithm. Hence, in order to increase speed of algorithm, the tournament size based on current cycle and size of population is increased. One more concept is applied to increase its convergence speed. At each iteration or cycle, a new solution is generated randomly similar to scout and its fitness value is calculated. Greedy selection mechanism is applied between new solution and worst one and the better solution is memorized. Hence, it helps in finding good quality of solution as well as improving the convergence speed and provides better balance between exploration and exploitation. 4.experiments and simulation results 4.1 Benchmark Functions The Benchmark Functions used to compare the performance of VTS-ABC algorithm with original ABC algorithm are illustrated below: Sphere Function: Schwefel Function: Griewank Function: Where Ackley Function: Here, ObjVal is the function value calculated for each food source position. A food source is represented by X and population size is taken of n*p matrix where n is the no. of possible food source positions and p represents the dimension of each position. 4.2 Performance Measures Simulation Result The experimental results of VTS-ABC and ABC algorithm in MATLAB are taken under the parameter of size of food source positions (n*p) i.e. different size of population with different dimensions are taken to run and compare both algorithms. MCN is set as 2000 and each algorithm is run for 3 iteration i.e. Runtime=3. Limit for scouts is set equals to 300. In order to provide the quantitative assessment of the performance of an optimization algorithm, Mean of Global Minimum i.e. mean of minimum objective function value at each cycle of all iterations are taken as performance measure whose values are shown in table1and figure 1-4. Table1: Mean of Global minimum on different size of data Fig. 1: Mean of Sphere function values on different size of data Fig. 2: Mean of Schwefel function values on different size of data Fig. 3: Mean of Griewank function values on different size of data Fig. 4: Mean of Ackley function values on different size of data Figure 1 to 4 show simulation results of ABC and VTS-ABC algorithm with different size of data on Sphere, Schwefel, Griewank, Ackley respectively and reveal that VTS-ABC algorithm provides us better quality of solution than original ABC algorithm by minimizing objective function value or producing higher fitness solutions. 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In this paper, a new algorithm VTS-ABC is presented. In this algorithm, firstly variable tournament size (TS) is applied to select the food source position for onlooker bees which helps to achieve diversity in solution. Then to increase convergence speed, a new solution is generated in each cycle which replaced the worst one. In order to demonstrate the performance of proposed algorithm, it is applied on several Benchmark functions with different size of data set as input. Simulation results show that it provides better quality of solution than original ABC algorithm in every case. Therefore, it can be applied in different fields of optimization with large and higher dimensions data set efficiently. References Yugal Kumar and Dharmender Kumar, ââ¬Å"Parametric Analysis of Nature Inspired Optimization Techniquesâ⬠International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 42-49, Oct. 2011. P. J. Angeline, J. B. Pollack and G.M. Saunders, ââ¬Å"An evolutionary algorithm that constructs recurrent neural networks,â⬠Neural Networks in IEEE Transactions on, vol. 5, no. 1, 1994, pp. 54-65. J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart, ââ¬Å"Particle swarm optimization,â⬠in Proceedings of IEEE international conference on neural networks, 1995, vol. 4, pp. 1942ââ¬â1948. E. Bonabeau, M. Dorgio, and G. Theraulaz, ââ¬Å"Swarm intelligence: from neural network to artificial intelligence,â⬠NY: oxford university press, New York, 1999. D. Karaboga, ââ¬Å"An idea based on honey bee swarm for numerical optimization,â⬠Techn.Rep. TR06, Erciyes Univ. Press, Erciyes, 2005. D. Karaboga and B. Akay, ââ¬Å"A comparative study of artificial bee colony algorithm,â⬠Applied Mathematics and Computation, vol. 214, no. 1, pp. 108ââ¬â132, 2009. R. S. Rao, S. V. L. Narasimham, and M. Ramalingaraju, ââ¬Å"Optimization of distribution network configuration for loss reduction using artificial bee colony algorithm,â⬠International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems Engineering, vol. 1, no.2, pp. 116ââ¬â122, 2008. A. Singh, ââ¬Å"An artificial bee colony algorithm for the leaf-constrained minimum spanning tree problem,â⬠Applied Soft Computing, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 625ââ¬â631, Mar. 2009. D. Karaboga and B. Basturk, ââ¬Å"Artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization algorithm for solving constrained optimization problems,â⬠in Foundations of Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing, Springer, 2007, pp. 789ââ¬â798. C. Chidambaram and H. S. Lopes, ââ¬Å"A new approach for template matching in digital images using an Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm,â⬠in World Congress on Nature Biologically Inspired Computing, 2009. NaBIC 2009, IEEE, 2009, pp. 146ââ¬â151. N. K. Kaur Mann, ââ¬Å"Review Paper on Clustering Techniques,â⬠Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, vol. 13, no. 5, 2013. S. Okdem, D. Karaboga, and C. Ozturk, ââ¬Å"An application of Wireless Sensor Network routing based on Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm,â⬠in 2011 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), 2011, pp. 326ââ¬â330. T. K. Sharma, M. Pant, and J. C. Bansal, ââ¬Å"Some modifications to enhance the performance of Artificial Bee Colony,â⬠in 2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), 2012, pp. 1ââ¬â8. L. Bao and J. Zeng, ââ¬Å"Comparison and analysis of the selection mechanism in the artificial bee colony algorithm,â⬠in Hybrid Intelligent Systems, 2009. HISââ¬â¢09. Ninth International Conference on, 2009, vol. 1, pp. 411ââ¬â41. C. M. V. Benà tez and H. S. Lopes, ââ¬Å"Parallel Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Approaches for Protein Structure Prediction Using the 3DHP-SC Model,â⬠in Intelligent Distributed Computing IV, M. Essaaidi, M. Malgeri, and C. Badica, Eds. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010, pp. 255ââ¬â264. D. L. Gonzà ¡lez-à lvarez, M. A. Vega-Rodrà guez, J. A. Gà ³mez-Pulido, and J. M. Sà ¡nchez-Pà ©rez, ââ¬Å"Finding Motifs in DNA Sequences Applying a Multiobjective Artificial Bee Colony (MOABC) Algorithm,â⬠in Evolutionary Computation, Machine Learning and Data Mining in Bioinformatics, C. Pizzuti, M. D. Ritchie, and M. Giacobini, Eds. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 89ââ¬â100. L. Wang, G. Zhou, Y. Xu, S. Wang, and M. Liu, ââ¬Å"An effective artificial bee colony algorithm for the flexible job-shop scheduling problem,â⬠Int J Adv Manuf Technol, vol. 60, no. 1ââ¬â4, pp. 303ââ¬â315, Apr. 2012. S.-W. Lin and K.-C. Ying, ââ¬Å"Increasing the total net revenue for single machine order acceptance and scheduling problems using an artificial bee colony algorithm,â⬠J Oper Res Soc, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 293ââ¬â311, Feb. 2013. D. Karaboga, ââ¬Å"An idea based on honey bee swarm for numerical optimization,â⬠Techn.Rep. TR06, Erciyes Univ. Press, Erciyes, 2005. T. K. Sharma, M. Pant, and J. C. Bansal, ââ¬Å"Some modifications to enhance the performance of Artificial Bee Colony,â⬠in 2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), 2012, pp. 1ââ¬â8. TSai, Pei-Wei, et al. , Enhanced artificial bee colony optimization.International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control,vol. 5, no. 12, 2009, pp.5081-5092. B. K. Verma and D. Kumar, ââ¬Å"A review on Artificial Bee Colony algorithm,â⬠International Journal of Engineering Technology, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 175ââ¬â186, 2013. D. Kumar and B. Kumar, ââ¬Å"Optimization of Benchmark Functions Using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm,â⬠IOSR Journal of Engineering, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 09-14, October 2013. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-16396261739700252372020-01-19T14:29:00.001-08:002020-01-19T14:29:03.628-08:00The Role of the Gods and Fate in Virgils The Aeneid Essay -- Aeneid VThe Role of the Gods and Fate in Virgil's The Aeneid Are the deeds of mortal characters in the Aeneid controlled by the gods or by fate? Aeneas must fulfill the will of the gods, while enduring the wrath of other gods, all the while being a worthy predecessor of Augustus and founder of the Roman people. Of course, the Trojan is successful because he gives himself up to these other obligations, while those who resist the will of the gods, Dido and Turnus, die sad deaths. Juno, the queen of gods, attempts to destroy Aeneas and his men in Book I of the Aeneid. The city of Carthage is Juno's favorite, and it has been prophesized that the race of the Trojans will one day destroy that city. This is too much for Juno to bear as another Trojan, Paris, has already scorned her. And so she calls on King Aeolus, the god of the winds, telling him to bring a great storm down upon Aeneas? fleet. Aeolus obeys and unleashes a fierce hurricane upon the battle-wearied Trojans. However, Neptune, the god of the sea, feels the storm over his dominion; he criticizes Aeolus for overstepping his bounds, and calms the waters just as Aeneas' fleet seems doomed. Seven ships are left, and they head for the nearest land in sight, the coast of Libya. Aeneas's mother, Venus sees the Trojans' poor state and pleads to Jupiter to end their suffering. Jupiter assures her that Aeneas will eventually find his promised home in Italy, and that two of his descendants, Romulus and Remus, w ill found the mightiest empire in the world. Then Jupiter sends a god down to the Phoenicians, the people of Carthage, to make sure they are welcoming to the Trojans. Juno hears that the Trojans are destined to found a city that will destroy her Carthage. That city is Rome, and ... ... and in an angry mob set fire to the fleet. The Trojan men see the smoke, rush up the beach and throw water on the ships, but the burning does not stop. Finally, Aeneas prays to Jupiter to save the fleet, and immediately a rainstorm comes, putting out the flames. The goddesses Juno and Venus continue their quarrel by further intervention in the journey of the Trojans. At this point it almost seems to be overdone: the gods are driving the plot, not the hero. Aeneas has been reduced to a reactionary role as the different factions on Olympus duke it out over his fate, and send either aid or abuse down to the Trojans. Incapable to stop the burning of his fleet, he pitifully begs Jupiter to either help or kill him, so disheartened is he at his arbitrary maltreatment by the gods. Works Cited: Gransden, Karl W. Virgil: The Aeneid. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1990. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-51553553937561829812020-01-11T10:53:00.001-08:002020-01-11T10:53:04.010-08:00Do You Think Footballers DeserveEven though soldiers provide a more valuable service. All footballers do is kick a ball around a field and moan that they don't get paid enough while soldiers are over in another country risking their lives to protect ours spending months on end away from their families. This happened to my older brother he was sent on a tour of Afghanistan for nine months and he missed the birth of his son (his first words, his first steps) he even missed our mothers death and funeral.Footballers don't have to do that they can just leave training if they have an emergency! Some people think that when soldiers sign up to join the army they know what they are getting not and its their own choice and they aren't being forced into the army. I think these people are heartless. Secondly, I believe that the money footballers get paid could be put to better use. In the Premier League alone around two hundred million pounds are spent on players' salaries per year! With that money you could change some of Afr ica into a first world country.You could give them proper housing, clean endless supply of water, electricity, schools, hospitals and especially jobs. Some might say that footballers do give to charity and already donate money to those things but hey don't give much; they could still give a lot more! There are some very charitable footballers such as Tidier Dragon who spent three million pounds of his wages to building a hospital in his hometown of Abidjan, Ivory Coast. However, there are others who give nothing.One man can't change the world! Another reason why many players shouldn't get paid so much is because most of them just waste it. Karri Benzene is a good example, he bought a chrome three million pounds Budgets Everyone super sport which he hardly uses. Many of them buy stupid pointless things that aren't even important or they just do it as a joke like one footballer bought an Oxbow one just so he could throw it off a balcony another bought a Lampooning Reverent for one mil lion pounds so he could blow it up.Other people may believe that it is their money and they can do with it what they want but they should be more responsible! They could donate some money to charity or keep it in savings for when they retire. Even do something worthwhile for their family! Furthermore, some footballers don't deserve it because some Of them are just bad people like the obvious Luis Square, who bit Atman Baked whilst playing for Ajax against SSP and he but Barbarian Avionic whilst playing for Liverpool against Chelsea! He also bit Giorgio Chilling at the world cup for Uruguay against Italy.In addition to this violent conduct he was racist to Patrice Ever by refusing to shake his hand, is this man is a good role model for children? Does he really deserve to earn thousands each week? Another example is a star Brazilian footballer who tortured and killed his mistress then fed her dismembered body to his pet Arteriole's. Goalkeeper Bruno Fernando De Souza who was tipped to play for Brazil in the 2014 World Cup, is accused of murdering model Elise Samurai to avoid paying child support after she gave birth to his love child. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-77077694811770202192020-01-03T07:17:00.001-08:002020-01-03T07:17:03.587-08:00Low Maintenance Alternatives to Grass Grass lawns first appeared in Europe in medieval times, status symbols for the rich that had to be kept trimmed by fairly labor-intensive methods, often by grazing livestock and certainly not by polluting lawn mowers and poisonous weed killers. Lawns actually did not become popular in North America until the middle of the 20th century, but are now as common as the middle-class suburban homes they surround. It Takes Water and Money to Keep Grass Lawns Green Besides hogging public water suppliesââ¬âover 50 percent of U.S. residential water usage goes to irrigate lawnsââ¬âa 2002 Harris Survey found that American households spend $1,200 per year on residential lawn care. Indeed, the booming lawn care industry is more than eager to convince us that our grass can be greenerââ¬âand then sell us all the synthetic fertilizers, toxic pesticides, and leaky lawnmowers to make it so. Groundcover Plants and Clover Require Less Maintenance than Grass Lawns There are many alternatives to a carpet of monochromatic grass for oneââ¬â¢s property. A variety of groundcover plants and clover can be used instead, as they spread out and grow horizontally and require no cutting. Some varieties of groundcover are Alyssum, Bishops Weed, and Juniper. Common clovers include Yellow Blossom, Red Clover, and Dutch White, the best suited of the three for lawn use. Groundcover plants and clovers naturally fight weeds, act as mulch and add beneficial nitrogen to the soil. Flowers, Shrubs and Ornamental Grasses Consider using flower and shrub beds, which can be ââ¬Å"strategically located to add color and interest while expanding the low maintenance areas of your yard,â⬠and planting ornamental grasses. Ornamental grasses, many which flower, have numerous benefits over conventional grasses, including low maintenance, little need for fertilizer, minimal pest, and disease problems and resistance to drought. However tempting, though, try to avoid planting invasive plants. Anyway, native plants often require less water and general maintenance. Moss Plants are Another Alternative to Grass Lawns According to David Beaulieu, moss plants should also be considered, especially if your yard is shady: ââ¬Å"Because they are low-growing and can form dense mats, moss plants can be considered an alternative ground cover for landscaping and planted as ââ¬Ëshade gardensââ¬â¢ in lieu of traditional lawns.â⬠Moss plants do not possess true roots, he points out, instead deriving their nutrients and moisture from the air. As such they like wet surroundings and also soil with a pH that is acidic. The Benefits of Grass Lawns In all fairness, lawns do have a few plusses. They make great recreational spaces, prevent soil erosion, filter contaminants from rainwater and absorb many kinds of airborne pollutants. So you might still keep a short section of lawn, one that can be mowed with a few easy strokes. If you do, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends avoiding traditional synthetic fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. The Best Ways to Care for Grass Lawns A number of all-natural alternatives are now widely available at nurseries. Natural lawn care advocates also advise mowing high and often so that grass can out-compete any nascent weeds. Leaving clippings where they land, so they can serve as natural mulch, helps prevent weeds from getting a foothold. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-1608891930062512762019-12-26T03:43:00.001-08:002019-12-26T03:43:05.102-08:00Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd ) - 2051 Words Obsessive Compulsive Disorder James Gillespie PSY1012 717 Olsen November 23, 2014 Abstract Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is defined by having unwanted and intrusive obsessions and responding to these obsessions with compulsions. There are a couple circulatory abnormalities in patients with OCD including the thalamus and prefrontal cortex. These abnormalities are thought to be the cause of the disorder. Treatment options for OCD include behavioral therapy and the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Switching SSRIs can lead to serotonin syndrome if patients do not let one drug out of their system before taking the new one. Patients sometimes use both treatments in effort to maximize results. Patients with OCD understand that their compulsions are absurd, but cannot help satisfying their compulsion. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is defined by the DSM-V as having the presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both. Unwanted urges, images, and thoughts that cause anxiety are considered obsessions (2013, p. 235). In response to these obsessions, people with OCD carry out repetitive behaviors or mental acts called compulsions. A person with this disorder tries to block out these unpleasurable urges with behaviors such as counting, washing their hands, and repeating words (2013, p. 237). There is no cure for OCD, however there are treatments. Behavioral therapy and SSRIs can be used as treatments, butShow MoreRelatedObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)1756 Words à |à 8 Pages Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder that can affect children and adults. In order to fully understand OCD, many different areas of the disorder must be reviewed. First, OCD will be defined and the diagnosis criteria will be discussed. Secondly the prevalen ce of the disorder will be considered. The different symptoms, behaviors and means of treatment are also important aspects that will be discussed in order to develop a clearer understanding of the implications of obsessive compulsiveRead MoreEssay on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)875 Words à |à 4 Pagessevere Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder that triggers people to have unwanted fixations and to repeat certain activities again and again. Everyone has habits or certain ways of doing something with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder these habits severely interrupt the way they live their lives (Familydoctor.org Editorial Staff). About one in 40 people suffer from some form of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (ABRAMOWITZ). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder oftenRead MoreLiving With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)1190 Words à |à 5 Pagesdifferences between both symptoms and experiences of six different authors who have been personally affected by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).à Since OCD is not very well understood by many members of the public (Escape), I hope that the experiences of the authors that I researched will be able to paint a vivid picture of what life with OCD is like. Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves a chemical imbalance in the brain. This chemical imbalance is thought to be the main reason for obsessionsRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay2901 Words à |à 12 Pages à à à à à à à à à à à à Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, affects an average 1.7% of the population according to the Stanford University School of Medicine.à à The recognition of this psychological disorder has grown in the recent years.à à As the knowledge of this disorder becomes more prevalent, those suffering have become more willing to seek help (OCDA). à à à à à à à à à à à à OCD is a condition ââ¬Å"in which people experience repetitive and upsetting thoughts and/or behaviorsâ⬠(OCDA).à à While there are many variationRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay800 Words à |à 4 Pages Obsessive Compulsive Disorder And Its Effect On Life Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or OCD, involves anxious thoughts or rituals one feels and cant control. . For many years, OCD was thought to be rare. The actual number of people with OCD was hidden, because people would hide their problem to avoid embarrassment. Some recent studies show that as many as 3 million Americans ages 18 to 54 may have OCD at any one time. This is about 2.3% of the people in this age group. It strikes men and women inRead More Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essays2616 Words à |à 11 Pagesis a very powerful piece of structure; it is truly limitless when speaking about its potential. With a functional organ comes a dysfunctional possibility. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, (OCD), for instance, is nervousness in the mind. OCD is an anxiety disorder caused by repetitive intrusive thoughts and behaviors. It is a mental disorder marked by the involvement of a devotion to an idea or routine. Essentially, it is a false core belief which is believing that there is something wrong, causingRead MoreEssay on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)3370 Words à |à 14 Pages Obsessive compulsive disorder is a disease that many people know of, but few people know about. Many people associate repeated washing of hands, or flicking of switches, and even cleanliness with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), however there are many more symptoms, and there are also explanations for those symptoms. In this paper, I will describe what obsessive compulsive disorder is, explain some of the effects of it, and explain why it happens. I will also attempt to prove that while medicationRead More Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay1758 Words à |à 8 PagesOCD: Whats in Control? Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder that is the fourth most common mental illness in the U.S. (8). OCD affects five million Americans, or one in five people (3). This is a serious mental disorder that causes people to think and act certain things repetitively in order to calm the anxiety produced by a certain fear. Unlike compulsive drinking or gambling, OCD compulsions do not give the person pleasure; rather, the rituals are performed to obtainRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay examples1375 Words à |à 6 PagesObsessive Compulsive Disorder ââ¬Å"I know my hands are clean. I know that I have touched nothing dangerous. Butâ⬠¦ I doubt my perception. Soon, if I do not wash, a mind numbing, searing anxiety will cripple me. A feeling of stickiness will begin to spread from the point of contamination and I will be lost in a place I do not want to go. So I wash until the feeling is gone, until the anxiety subsides. Then I feel defeated. So I do less and less, my world becomes smaller and smaller and more lonelyRead MoreEssay about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)474 Words à |à 2 Pages Obsessive Compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental illness that effects nearly 5 million Americans, and half a million children. Its a disease that fills the brain with unwanted ideas, and worries. OCD is a diseases that effects the Cerebral frontal cortex. Unfortunately there is no cure for OCD. Obsessive compulsive disorder can start developing as early as age five. In most cases OCD controls your life. Through out the rest of this paper I hope to inform you on Obsessive compulsive Disorders Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-76364561281900654832019-12-17T23:32:00.001-08:002019-12-17T23:32:03.879-08:00Monitoring Marketing Performance Coursework ExampleEssays on Monitoring Marketing Performance Coursework The paper "Monitoring Marketing Performance" is a brilliant example of coursework on marketing.Overall measures of brand performance and KPIââ¬â¢s, plus methods and sources of measurementPurina Company makes food for pets especially cats. Brand awareness is critical in the marketing of this product. It determines the reputation and the level of the brand of appreciation in the marketplace. When Purina products experience increased brand awareness, then it shows that the marketing initiatives launched are successful and results in greater sales and revenue. Owing to the robustness of the brand awareness scope, Purina has approached Multi-tech Consultants to conduct brand research studies for collection and data analysis. In the channel grouping Path, the Purina brand keyword showed 425 times and 389 times for nonbrand keyword.The measures of performance employed are through panels, surveys, and focus groups to help in measuring brand perception levels which brings out customer loya lty, sentiment, and awareness. This helps to rate Purina products with those in competition. Planning ahead is crucial for successful brand awareness after understanding the initial idea of the companyââ¬â¢s position before launching the marketing campaign.The methods to track brand awareness are specifically in-house since they are free and less costly. The online method of monitoring through Google Analytics is the major tool though it is less exhaustive than the full brand study. It shows the number of visitors to Purina websites, highly searched keywords and new customers give the feeling of brand awareness online. It is tracked throughout the campaign duration, thus giving a general overview of the campaign has brought in new visitors.Measures of product performance and KPIââ¬â¢s, plus methods and sources of measurementMeasuring the performance of Purina pet food products is best done on the company website. Existing customers can give comments on the performance of the p roducts in the form of compliments or complaints. Each medium is tagged to show the comprehensiveness of the marketing campaign as well as identify the source of visitors. The ââ¬Å"UTM tagsâ⬠are employed within Google Analytics that shows at the end of the URL.Purina product performance as sales KPI ranks and measures the product depending on revenue performance so as to know the products that need reassessment and those that are doing well. Sales metric variations will show top-performing products and the bottom 10% of sales. This metric is measured over a period of time to eliminate data inconsistencies. The sources of measurement are in revenue performance where the best performing product in terms of revenue is ranked first while the worst revenue performing is ranked last.Measures of pricing performance and KPIââ¬â¢s, plus methods and sources of measurement. The pricing performance of Purina products is leveraged on the basis of costs and revenue. The methods used ar e Cost, Volume and Profit analysis (CVP). Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-62379281818760083862019-12-09T20:14:00.001-08:002019-12-09T20:14:03.548-08:00Classless America Essay Example For Students Classless America Essay The myth of a classless American society coupled with social stratification impedes race relations in the U.S. far more than any racial differences. The never ending struggle of the have-nots to become one of the haves produces a frustration and feeling of oppression that acts as a catalyst for spawning racial tensions. Minorities see the majority of wealth in the hands of the white population and feel that the wealth is unevenly distributed. Whites hear of government programs for minorities and feel as if they are lazy or just looking for a handout. This occurs and stereotypes are formed. Combine all of this with the United States system of dual welfareand the perfect environment for racial strife is created. In our classlesssociety of false hope the working class and poor are continually seeking opportunities to excel that just arent there. They have been led to believe that intelligence and ambition are key contributors to ones success. This belief lays blame on the unsuccessful themselves, even if they do possess ambition and intelligence. These people are in a never ending cycle of struggle, followed by minimal rewards, which eventually produces a frustration that sometimes leads to desperate measures. Cornell West expands on this with the following statement : . . . homicidal assaults by young black men on one another are only the most obvious signs of this empty quest for pleasure, property, and power (Race and Racism p.123). This statement shows the extremes one will go to in his empty quest for a better life. This is not only happening 2to blacks by blacks. It is happening to all races by all races. People hear of events like these and categorize them as a racial crime or a racial ly motivated crime just because the victims may be of a different race. As Wests statement demonstrates the killings occur as a means to an end, the end being a better life. In our ever diversifying melting pot of a country, same race victim and criminal crimes are becoming less and less statistically likely anyway. Events such as these dont occur because of race. They occur because of the frustration and desperation bred by the false hope that hard work and determination leads to success. It is no mystery that most of the wealthy people in America are white. West again points out (Race and Racism p.124) that 86% of the wealth in the United States is owned by only 10% of the population. In this 10% the number of minorities is minute. The wealth owned by this few is there because they have kept it in their families throughout the generations. These are the same super-rich bloodlines as that of 150 years ago. These families were rich when no minorities (and hardly any whites for that matter) were. Almost everyone was working class or poor besides them. Minorities are aware of this uneven wealth distribution and this leads to resentment. Our government tries to compensate for this through special programs for minorities. When this occurs whatever groups are not receiving compensation see the other as lazy or as taking a handout. In 3turn this leads to resentment. Different groups begin stereotyping each other due to the resentment which evolved through unequal wealth dis tribution, which itself is a product of our classless system. So in turn stereotypes that Mexicans are lazy, African Americans steal, Whites cannot dance and White men have small penises, Jews are ultra- thrifty, Lesbians are men haters, Gay men all like antiques, and Asians are shrewd at business and all stick together, are in all probability (definitely) unfounded. Despite the fact that these stereotypes are unfounded, much of the resentment may not be. Here in the United States as much, if not more, money is spent on programs for the rich as is spent on programs for the poor. Donna Langston points this out with the following statement: We have a ?dual welfare system in this country whereby welfare for the rich in the form of tax- free capital gain, guaranteed loans, oil depletion allowances, etc., is not regarded as welfare (Race And Racism p.129). Here Langston compares the welfare of the poor (food stamps, w.i.c., medicaid, etc.) with the welfare of the rich (tax-free capital gain, guaranteed loans, etc.). These few examples of welfare for the rich are just the tip of the iceberg. Before you come to any premature conclusions consider the following. .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a , .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .postImageUrl , .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a , .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:hover , .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:visited , .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:active { border:0!important; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:active , .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3cf0c28a09f7f2a59885dfba214c6b6a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Malcolm Baldrige EssayThe majority of corporations in the United States are owned by Whites. Each year these White owned corporations get $125 billion dollars in the from of corporate welfare. 4This is money that could be used on the less fortunate, who are mainly minorities, but instead it is funneled into primarily White owned corporations. People hear of this and once again assume that this is based on race, thereby making it a racial issue. Its not, it is a class issue. Billions and billions of dollars are spent each year on national defense for the United States. Who really benefits from this the most, the wealthy or the poor? Of course everyone benefits somewhat, bu t the rich benefit considerably more. If the United States was invaded and taken over by another country the decrease in the quality of living for the rich would be far greater than that of the poor. In all actuality the lifestyle change of the poor would probably be somewhat minimal. Consider the millions and millions of dollars that are spent each year on the United States Coast Guard (which is under the D.O.T.s budget, and not the national defense budget) and the waterways that it protects. How often is it that you see a yacht traveling on the U.S. waterways filled with poor people or minorities? How many poor people even own a boat? These waterways are mainly used by the United States White upperclass. And what about the tax dollars spent on police and fire protection? Of course these are necessities, but who benefits more? The rich have more material possessions that can be stolen or destroyed. And last but not least is our countries system of social security. Every race in the country pays the same percent of social security at about six percent. The only people 5exempt from this standard six percent is the green minority. Once a person reaches the income level of $60,000 or more they top out, thats as high as one can go. The higher the income above $60,000, the lower the percentage they pay. If someone makes 50 billion dollars a year they pay the same amount as someone making $60,000 a year, or roughly about $3,600. So theoretically, if you were to take a husband and wife that each make $30,000 a year, the combined amount that they pay in is equal to the amount that Bill Gates pays in. Theres something about this whole system that just doesnt seem proportionately correct. It seems like the percentage sacrificed should be the same across the board. All the examples I have given may seem like this paper is about the wealthy and the poor, and not about racial differences in the United States. If it does there is a reason for that. The upper class or super rich, whichever you want to call them, receive more benefits than the poor. The upper class is mainly white and the poor and working class are a mixture of all races. This gives the appearance that assistance is based on race, when its not. It is based on class. People see these events and make generalizations and this in turn leads to racial tension. If steps are taken to make classless America a reality, then these racial tensions would ease. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-30350563763595552602019-12-02T07:56:00.001-08:002019-12-02T07:56:03.399-08:00My Impression of the Usa Essay ExampleMy Impression of the Usa Paper At first I want to say I love America! And my impression of it is good. I got this predilection for America because; I have cousins who live there. One of them: Anne- Marie, went home to Denmark this summer, to visit the family. She was very kind and polite, and I thought it was interesting to talk to her, because she told me about their different cultures, norms etc. When I talked to her I also got the Impression that the structure of the Government, their laws and the way people relate to each other has retreat Influence on the individual, and Its actions and attitudes. Anne-Merle also told me a lot about the Indians and Cowboys. So now when I hear the words: The united States of America, I think In my head: The land of the free, and the home for the lovely race! The second thing that everything over there Is bigger compared to Denmark. Or I quest so: the burgers are bigger, the volume size of snacks, their houses is really huge. The people are larger and finally their cars are bigger. I guess the cars are more than twice as big as Danish cars. Maybe everything is bigger over there because in some ways, America is a more modernized country than for instance Denmark is. One of the reasons could be that America is the most powerful among the technically advanced countries in the world today. Inter alai because their military, the pentagon and all the encryption, and a lot of the highly popular brands such as Apple, also comes from America. And Americas influence on the shaping of international relations is absolutely incalculable. We will write a custom essay sample on My Impression of the Usa specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My Impression of the Usa specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My Impression of the Usa specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But America is a large country and its people event so far shown much interest in great international problems, among which big problem the global warming is today. But despite all this, I will make it clear that America has beautiful values and I think they have a prosperous country. [ 1 1. * I got this predilection for America because I have cousins who live there. Egg hard feigner colon after because, dad diet eke viewer naturalist at freshà ¦eve pointed/ hoversà ¦twinge p denned mDe. [2]. * Compared to Denmark everything in America is bigger. Heel sà ¦twinge vary gal, Egg hard terror unformulated den foray. 1. * Including because their military, the pentagon and all the encryption, and a lot of the highly popular brands such as Apple, also come from America. Dad Inter all vary Lilt studentships at burger denned sandmenà ¦Eng, hard Egg stated bruit order Including. Go Veda comes ere deer congruent fell, dad subjected go verbally Eke passer seamen. Diet skilled at comes SSTr I fleeter go America SSTr I mental. Terror feigner Egg flatters -set far comes, s diet belier TTL mental enamel come. My Impression of the Usa By rakishness different cultures, norms etc. When I talked to her I also got the impression that the great influence on the individual, and its actions and attitudes. Anne-Marie also told me a lot about the Indians and Cowboys. So now when I hear the words: The United States of America, I think in my head: The land of the free, and the home for the The second thing that everything over there is bigger compared to Denmark. Or I huge, the people are larger and finally their cars are bigger. I guess the cars are more [ 1 ]. * I got this predilection for America because I have cousins who live there. Egg AR feigner colon after because, dad diet eke viewer naturalist at freshà ¦eve pointed/ [ 3 * Including because their military, the pentagon and all the encryption, and a lot of the highly popular brands such as Apple, also come from America. Dad Inter alai vary lilt studentship at burger I denned sandmenà ¦Eng, hard Egg I stated bruit order including. Go Veda comes ere deer congruent fell, dad subjected go verbally eke passer seamen. Diet skilled at comes SSTr I fleeter go America SSTr I mental. Terror feigner Egg flatters -set far comes, s diet belier till mental Nellie come. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-15132723134574347582019-11-27T00:38:00.001-08:002019-11-27T00:38:05.560-08:00Comparing Mintzberg and Fayol EssaysComparing Mintzberg and Fayol Essays Comparing Mintzberg and Fayol Essay Comparing Mintzberg and Fayol Essay Management is a vital component to be recognized in every organization. Without an effectiveà andà an efficient management, an organization will not run successfully. Throughout the years development of management theories have been characterized by different beliefs from various people about whatà andà how managers need to fulfil their specific tasks in their own dynamic business environment. These management theories have been applied on humans daily activities andà decision making. Two of the most prominent theorists who have attempted to define management are Henri Fayol and Henry Mintzberg, both of which have similar and contrasting views of management. When discussing these two theories, one of the most commonly asked questions is: ââ¬Å"Is the work of managersââ¬â¢ best described by the objectives of management or the roles one undertakes as a manager? This is a question posed since 1971, when Henry Mintzberg established his contemporary theory on Management roles, which evidently differed to Henri Fayolââ¬â¢s 1949 classical theory on Management Functions. Henri Fayol is theà founding father of the administration school, andà first to describe management as a top-down process based on planning and the organization of people while Henry Mintzberg articulatedà hisà fundamental belief that management is about applying human skills to systems, not apply ing systems to people. Fayol theory about management and administration was built on personal observation and experience of what worked well in terms of organization. His aspiration for an administrative science sought a consistent set of principles that all organizations must apply in order to run properly. Fayol argued that principles existed which all organizations must follow in order to operate and be administered efficiently. This type of assertion typifies a one best way approach to management thinking. Fayol identifies five functions of management all of which he believed were necessary to facilitate the management process; they are planning, organising, co-ordinating, commanding and controlling Mintzberg on the other hand considers management activities as roles and classify them within three broad groups, they are:-interpersonal, informational and decisional which encompass his ten management roles of figurehead, leader, liaison, spokesperson, disseminator, monitor, resource allocator, entrepreneur, disturbance handler and negotiator. Although due to their differences, these theories can be treated as competing views, both can also be perceived as reinforcing the other as many parallels and similarities intrinsically exist. Consequentially the term ââ¬Ëmanagerial styleââ¬â¢ combines the two theories. Mintzberg obtained his theory as a result of research based on observation of actual managers operation instead of the organization. Hence, his roles directly depict what managers do. He argues that Fayolââ¬â¢s functions ââ¬Ëdo not describe the actual work of managers at all; they describe certain vague objectives of managerial workââ¬â¢ (Mintzberg 1971). As he observed the managers in his research, he found that all activities captured at lease one of his ten roles in practice whereas they could not be simplified to be known singularly as one of Fayolââ¬â¢s functions. For example, a manager sending a memo out to subordinates informing them of the outcome of the mornings meeting is directly taking on the informational role of disseminator- providing internal personnel with information obtained either external or internal of the organisation. Expanding on Fayolââ¬â¢s five functions which describe management as firstly to forecast and plan: This includes a plan of action the result envisaged, the line of action to be followed, the stages to go through, and the methods to use is at once the chief manifestation and most effective tool of planning (Fayol 1949:43). It is in taking the initiative for the plan of action that managers carry out the managerial function. He also sees planning as a process requiring important personal and interpersonal competencies, including those related to managing the organizations internal stakeholders The second function is to organize: Fayol describes organizing as to provide the undertaking with everything useful to its functioning: raw materials, tools, capital, personnel (Fayol 1949:53). Fayol (1949:53-54) divides organization into material and human organization and focuses on the latter. He then lists the managerial duties associated with organizing as ensuring the plan is judiciously prepared and strictly carried out; matching the resources to the plan; leadership (a single, competent energetic guiding authority, unity of command, control, supervision); harmonising and coordinating activities; decision making; job analysis and design; staffing selection; empowerment (encouraging a liking for initiative and responsibility); performance management fair and appropriate remuneration; maintenance of discipline and sanctions against faults and errors; subordination of ndividual interests to the general interest; and fighting against excess regulations, red tape and paper control. To command refers to setting the organization going (Fayol 1949:97). The object of command is to get the optimum return from all employees, while the art of command rests on certain personal qualities and knowledge of general principles of management (Fayol 1949:97). To the extent that managers aim at making unity, energy, initiative and loyalty prevail among the personnel (Fayol 1949:98) modem writers would more properly describe this managerial function as concerned with motivation, leadership and empowerment. In co-ordination, it is found that Fayol is committed to the principles of balance and contingent action. For Fayol , to co-ordinate is to harmonize all the activities of a concern so as to facilitate its working and its success; to accord things and actions their rightful proportions, and to adapt means to ends. Coordination is achieved, inter alia, by the precious instrument of team meetings (weekly conferences of departmental heads). It is effected generally by combined action on the part of general management which supervises the whole, plus local managements whose efforts are directed towards the successful working of each particular part To control means seeing that everything occurs in conformity with established rule and expressed command. Fayolââ¬â¢s theory of the functions of management also includes a synthesis of 14 principles for organizational design and effective administration, they are, Specialization/division of labour, Authority with corresponding responsibility,à discipline,à unity of command,à unity of direction,à subordination of individual interest to the general interest,à remuneration of staff,à centralization,à scalar chain/line of authority,à order,à equity, stability of tenure,à initiative and esprit de corps. The principle of work allocation and specialization is in order to concentrate activities to enable specialization of skills and understandings, more work focus and efficiency. If responsibilities are allocated then the post holder needs the requisite authority to carry these out including the right to require others in the area of responsibility to undertake duties. Authority stems from that ascribed from the delegation process; the job holder is assigned and given authority to act as necessary to carry out the task delegated. The job holder is authorized to use the necessary resources needed, such as budgets, assets and staff members to carry out the responsibilities. The person should have the requisite expertise to carry out the responsibilities and the personal qualities to win the support and confidence of others. A manager should never be given authority without responsibility and also should never be given responsibility without the associated authority to get the work done. It is viewed by Fayol that discipline is essential for the smooth running of a business and without it the standards, consistency of actions and adherence to rules and values would be absent and such the organization could not prosper. It is said ââ¬Å"in an essence obedience, application, energy, behaviour and outward marks of respect observed in accordance with standing agreements between firms and its employees 1916, is necessary for good results in the firm. Unity of command is based on the idea that an employee should receive instructions from one superior only. This generalisation still holds even where we are involved with team and matrix structures which involve reporting to more than one boss or being accountable to several clients. The basic concern is that tensions and dilemmas arise where we report to two or more bosses. One boss may want X, the other Y and the subordinate is caught between a rock and a hard place. The unity of command idea of having one head (chief executive, cabinet consensus) with agreed purposes and objectives and one plan for a group of activities is clear. Fayols beleif was that one employees or one groupââ¬â¢s interests should not prevail over the organisation as a whole. There should be clear outlined directives as to the mission, goals and guidelins of the organization and all employees must be guided by that. Ethical dilemmas and matters of corporate risk and the behaviour of individual chancers would be mitigated by this. Fayols work assumes a shared set of values by people in the organization, a unitarism where the reasons for organisational activities and decisions are in some way neutral and reasonable. The general principle is that levels of compensation should be fair and as far as possible afford satisfaction both to the staff and the firm (in terms of its cost structures and desire for profitability/surplus). Centralisation is essential to the organisation and a natural result of organising. It is important that information and resources are centralized and are easily accessed by all levels of employees. The modes of control over the actions and results of devolved organisations are still matters requiring considerable attention. The scalar chain of command of reporting relationships from top executive to the ordinary shop operative or driver needs to be sensible, clear and understood. There should be equal amount of respect regardless of the level of command. Orderliness implies steady evolutionary movement rather than wild, anxiety provoking, unpredictable movement. Essentially an organisation should provide an orderly place for each employee along with their assigned activity. The ultimate product of the organization should be as a result of coordinated activities involving orderly steps from one employee to the other, with each contribution critical to the next. Employees should see how their roles fit into the organisation and be confident and able to predict the organisations behaviour towards them. Thus policies, rules, instructions and actions should be clear and understood. Equity, fairness and a sense of justice shouldpervade the organisation in principle and practice. Time is needed for the employee to adapt to his/her work and perform it effectively. It is important that the employee feels some form of security in their current position in the organization, which is usually achieved through permanent appointment to the organization. Stability of tenure will motivate employee and can result in loyalty to the organisation, its purposes and values. Here Fayol emphasises the need for building and maintaining of harmony among the work force, team work and sound interpersonal relationships at all levels of the organisational structure, zeal, enthusiasm and energy are enabled by people having the scope for personal initiative. Henry Mintzberg is an internationally renowned academic and author on business and management with over 140 articles and thirteen books written. He came up with the roles of management, which he believes cover most of the hings a manager will encounter in their job. These roles are split into 3 interpersonal roles, 3 informational roles and 4 decision making roles. Mintzbergs (1973) key contribution to notions of management is given in The Nature of Managerial Work, where he poses the question What do managers do? and then answers the question in terms of what he describes as the ten working rol es of managers. As he does so, he quotes approvingly from Barnard (1938/1968) that Executive work is not that of the organisation, but the specialised work of maintaining the organization in operation. Mintzberg (1973) defines managers as those persons formally in charge of organizations or their subunits. This excludes many of those in middle management'. He identifies the following basic reasons why organizations need managers, they are to: * ensure the organization serves its purpose the efficient production of goods/services. * design and maintain the stability of the organizations operations * take charge of the organizations strategy-making system, and therein adapt the organization in a controlled way to its changing environment. ensure the organization serves the ends of those persons who control it * serve as the key informational link between the organization and its environment. * operate the organizations status system. Mintzberg three groups of managerial activities as previously mentioned are concerned primarily with interpersonal relationships (interpersonal roles), the transfer of information (informational roles), and decision-making (decisional roles). The 3 interpersonal roles are; the figurehead which helps reinforce what the company stands for and reinforces the organisational culture, the leader who provide their employees with a sense of mission and the liaison who mixes with others outside the business to represent the needs of their group. The 3 informational roles are; the monitor who collects information form within the group and finds out what is going on in the business, the disseminator who shares the information with others who would not find out the information and the spokesperson who represents the views of the group in the wider environment. The 4 decision making roles are; the entrepreneur who make decisions to improve the contribution of their subordinates to the performance of the business, the disturbance handler who deals with any problems that might occur within the group, the resource allocator à who allocates resources throughout their subordinates and the negotiator who negotiates to secure contracts, budgets etc. These activities are derived from the formal authority of the manager office. From formal authority, and the attendant status in the organisation, comes the interpersonal roles, which place the manager in a unique position to get information. This access to information, combined with the authority and status, place managers at the centre of organisational decision- making. Mintzberg states that each role is observable such that, one can witness a manager handling a disturbance or acting as a figurehead. At the same time, although the roles are described individually, they cannot be isolated. Rather, Mintzberg argues, they form a gestalt, where the manager is an input (information) output (information and decisions) system. Given Mintzbergs contention that the basic content of all managers work can be described in terms of these ten roles, it is necessary then to account for the differences as well as the similarities in managers work. Mintzberg states that the size of the industry or sector within which the organization operates; the managers level in the organization; the units function (production, marketing, etc); the managers personality and style; and changes in the job over time all contribute to differences in the managers work. It is important to note however, that, in discussing the differences in managers work, Mintzberg is concerned with the emphasis of different roles rather than the differences in operationalizing the behaviours attendant on each role. He goes on to outline eight managerial job types that emphasise different roles, for example, the Team Manager whose key role is Leader versus the Expert Manager whose key roles are Monitor and Spokesman. Mintzberg (1973:10) argues that these categories are not useful because they cannot be linked to specific activities: Which of these activities may be called planning, and which may be called organizing, coordinating or controlling? Indeed, what relationship exists between these four words and managers activities? These four words do not, in fact, describe the actual work of managers at all. They describe certain vague objectives of managerial work. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-15523145078596936442019-11-23T08:12:00.001-08:002019-11-23T08:12:05.544-08:00How to Use your Profession to Develop a Writing NicheHow to Use your Profession to Develop a Writing Niche When you become a freelance writer, you can potentially write for numerous websites, blogs and magazines. How you decide which clients to approach depends on the niche you select. Your niche also helps with branding, which enables potential clients to find you. The most effective and engaging articles, blog posts and books are those written If you are passionate about your chosen career, you need look no further than your profession to develop your niche. Start Consider writing styles, too. This is especially important when it comes to length, type and tone of the article. A well-researched, lengthy article is quite different to an anecdotal, humorous one. Some questions to ask yourself in deciding what types of articles to write include: Do you want to motivate readers to join your profession? Do you want to educate the public regarding issues you believe are important? Or do you wish to create a friendly discussion with readers in your industry. Now that you have a list of ideas and styles, you can start looking for work. Firstly, source a few good websites and blogs about writing for a living. Two of my favourites are: Writers in Charge [www.writersincharge.com] and Make a Living Writing [www.makealivingwriting.com]. While you familiarise yourself with the various forms of freelance writing, I highly recommend joining a writing group for support, encouragement and feedback on your progress and your writing. GoodReads.com has many groups one can join including a writing group. There are many writing groups on FaceBook e.g. Freelance Writers [https://www.facebook.com/groups/2351373470/]. Dont have a blog yet? Start one! It helps you refine your niche and test different styles and subjects. It helps you connect with readers and potential clients, and learn what they wish to know. Blogging also provides social proof when you pitch for writing jobs, e.g. The Role of Occupational Therapy in Sleep and Wellness. [huffingtonpost.com/shoshanah-shear/the-role-of-occupational-_b_12673818.html?1477582471] Extending your blogging activity to creating content for client blogs is a wonderful way to earn. Securing a paid opportunity to write a column related to your profession can also position you as an expert in your field. This is a valuable marketing tool for gaining private clients. Lastly, search for websites, magazines and blogs related to your profession. Dont forget the trade magazines! This article of the top ten trade magazines [allyoucanread.com/top-10-trade-magazines/] can give you ideas of what to look for. Though most professional journals do not pay for articles, you might be surprised to find that some do! Trade publications can also provide many ideas for article topics or companies to approach for work. I have found that scouring the adverts in professional journals opens many doors, from providing client contact details to triggering ideas for original content. In summary, writing articles, blog posts or books can provide an interesting addition to your profession. This can become a side income stream or a new way to use your professional knowledge. Most of all, love sharing your professional knowledge with others. Love writing. Love your profession and love knowing what an impact you can have on the lives of others. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-60820977495906211882019-11-21T04:33:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:33:15.412-08:00England Echo Towns (Housing Development) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsEngland Echo Towns (Housing Development) - Essay Example As the preliminary step, Department for Communities and Local Government announced a project to build up 10 eco-towns. This project proposal was duly supported by organisations such as Town and Country Planning Association. However, some institutions are sceptical about the success of the proposed project. Although the government got many suggestions on the proposed eco-towns, none of the plans was worth enough to ensure the effectiveness of the project framework. Subsequent to the long term discussions and consultation, the government published a new planning policy statement in 2009 that contained the basic ideas for the eco-towns. This paper will explore the sustainability of Englandââ¬â¢s eco-towns from a planning perspective. Features of Englandââ¬â¢s eco-town project Englandââ¬â¢s eco-town project is an innovative idea as it is highly relevant to the modern concept of infrastructural development. One of the objectives of eco-town project agreement is to build up 5,000 to 15,000 low carbon homes. The most significant feature of this project is that it would sharply comply with the framed set of environmental criteria; and hence the whole town under this plan would be carbon neutral (Eco-Town Report). This fascinating feature of the new project would assist the nation to mitigate its energy consumption rates. Similarly, the infrastructural facilities designed for this project ensure the public access to adjacent towns and cities in order to satisfy their requirements including jobs, transport, and services. Hopefully, a fixed percentage of new homes under this project would be affordable to all people. However, other varieties such as larger houses would also be available under this plan so as to meet the requirements of families with children and poor economic status. In short, the concept of eco-towns addresses the needs of different classes of the society by offering them diverse ranges of lifestyle facilities. In addition, the eco-towns will be leveraged with schools, shops, business space, and other modern facilities within the vicinity. The concept of eco-towns is a modified version of ââ¬Å"green towns in Hammarby in Stockholm, Sweden and Vauban in Freiburg, Germanyâ⬠(Q & A: Ecotowns, 2008). At the initial stage of the project, the government declared 15 locations across the England as the potential area for the project. In order to focus on each project effectively, the government has whittled down the 15 locations to10 after a three monthsââ¬â¢ local consultation phase. Among the 10 shortlisted locations, the government has decided to build 5 eco-towns by the end of 2016. The construction of remaining half portion of eco-towns has put off to 2020. In order for formulating an effective plan for these towns, some most celebrated architects are still working on this project. As some other notable features, the homes will be south-facing as it enables the ease capture of heat energy from the sun with the applic ation of photovoltaic panels. ââ¬Å"There will also be plenty of green spaces, ample cycle lanes, and fewer roads for carsâ⬠(Q & A: Ecotowns, 2008). This expansional concept can be attributed to the developmental notions of Gordon Brown, the former prime minister of UK. Housing and environment were the two basic requirements according to Brownââ¬â¢s agenda. By designing this project, he thought to achieve both these Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-21539922725311584342019-11-19T20:57:00.001-08:002019-11-19T20:57:03.655-08:00Without topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1Without topic - Essay Example type of a fallacy is highly common among politicians who, rather than commenting on the issue at hand, try to blame the other party in order to create hype especially among the media. This successfully distracts the opponent as well as the audience and media from the question or issue at hand. These personal comments might even affect a voter`s opinion about the opponent`s political position. One recent example of this fallacy is when President Obama, during his speech, said that ââ¬Å"Gov. Romney "would ask the middle class to pay more in taxes to give another $250,000 tax cut to people making more than $3 million a year. Its like Robin Hood in reverse. Its Romney Hood" (Scott Neuman, Web). It is clear that President Obama is trying to discredit this opponent Gov. Romney by saying that he would introduce such a system in which the people belonging to the middle class would be taxed higher and people who are rich would benefit. This statement might turn the middle class people against Gov. Romney. As a response to this statement, Gov Romney said that, ââ¬Å""Weve been watching the president say a lot of things about me and my policies, and theyre just not right. And if I were to coin a term, it would be Obamaloneyâ⬠(Scott Neuman, Web). This is a clear example of an Ad Hominem fallacy as both the opponents are trying to damage the reputation of each other in order to gather high voted from the public. They tried to comment on the policies and even gave each other names like Romney hood and Obamaloney. Analysis of Argumentum Ad Logicam is a type of fallacy in which a person creates a disagreeable argument before disclosing the actual argument as it is easier to defeat the real case. It is also known as a straw man fallacy as a person creates a sketch of the opponent in his mind (straw man) in order to counter the opponent`s argument. An example of this fallacy is president Obama`s recent statement against Gov. Romney in which he says that, ââ¬Å" "Were certainly not Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-5846242368428584952019-11-17T09:28:00.001-08:002019-11-17T09:28:03.897-08:00Deer hunting is a good thing Essay Example for Free Deer hunting is a good thing Essay Youââ¬â¢re driving home from a movie with your best friends and youââ¬â¢re doing about 60 on a country road youââ¬â¢ve known all your life. All of a sudden, out of your peripheral view, you see a couple of deer heading straight for your cars path. You hit the brake to try to avoid them and narrowly miss. You think to yourself how lucky you are that you didnââ¬â¢t hit one. What you didnââ¬â¢t know is the couple of deer you saw used to be a pack of 4 deer. A week earlier, two different hunters each took a deer from that herd. If it wasnââ¬â¢t for the hunters, you probably wouldââ¬â¢ve hit at least one deer. Deerà hunting isnââ¬â¢t as bad as it is portrayed to be! Hunting controls the deer population and along with predator population and the number of accidents involving deer decrease because of good ethical hunting. You would be amazed at how fast deer reproduce! According to Steve Johnson from The Deer Hunting Guide, during early November to early December is a period called the rut. There are three periods of the rut. The first is called ââ¬Å"the pre-rutâ⬠. Bailey 2 Beginning in late summer or early autumn the blood flow to a buckââ¬â¢s soft antlers stop; they then harden or calcify. The whitetail buck rubs small trees to remove the velvetà on his antlers which is now drying up and beginning to shed. A buck will also scent marking trees by rubbing them with the pre-orbital glands located in his forehead and back legs, marking his home area. The rubbing of trees is also a way of strengthening a whitetailââ¬â¢s neck. This prepares him for upcoming light fighting sessions with other buckââ¬â¢s to show his authority to the local deer herd. This is how the buck will attract does and reproduce. Also, according to LeAnn Spencer from the Chicago deer hunting magazine, it happens every year and about 1. 2 million baby deer are born. But, alongà with that, it is estimated that 1. 1 million deer are hunted every year. In the early 1900ââ¬â¢s, deer were hunted down to 500,000. A deer hunting ban was placed in the U. S to let the population grow and today we have 20-25 million. Without hunting, deer population rose 4,000 % in less than 100 years, so it is a good idea to start conservation. Have you ever been in an accident involving deer? Well, you are definitely not alone! Lin Doris speaks out from animalrights. com: ââ¬Å"In Michigan alone, $130 million is spent a year just repairing car accidents involving deer. Along with that, 5,000à people are killed. It is an obvious problem that could be easily fixed. â⬠So many lives and money is lost. And people have a tough time realizing why the U. S is in such bad debt! My point by saying all this is decreasing deer population by hunting is a good way of deer conservation and it leads to less crashes and lives and money lost. Bailey 3 Not many people know as much as to what other animals are affected by the deer population growing and shrinking suddenly. It is explained well in the ââ¬ËBenefits of Hunting Deerââ¬â¢ section on ehow. com. If you think about it, if the deer population increases, then the predators that prey on deer will thrive due to good food supply. Even more accidents happen to things that prey on deer! It might not be as much, but it is still an unneeded thing. Also, increasing any animalââ¬â¢s population will cause it to spread out to different areas for habitat. One of these places may be a city where people are everywhere. Needless to say there are very stupid people in this world and they will do stupid things to animals. Any animal is not afraid to defend itself and you would be surprised at their strength. People could get very hurt being so up close and personal to animals. Therefore, decreasing deer population also decreases predator count; decreasing accidents, money lost, etc. (Chavis) It is easy to see that there are many positive aspects to deer hunting! Deer hunting doesnââ¬â¢t only affect the deer population; it decreases other animalââ¬â¢s populations and keeps animals health in check. Next time you narrowly miss a deer in a car, think of a hunter. Or, next time you kill a nice deer, you can go home knowing you fed your family along with possibly saving a life. Itââ¬â¢s a win/win situation! Bailey 4 Bailey 5 Bailey 6 http://www. the-deer-hunting-guide. com/strategies/hunting-deer-the-rut/. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3094782994444449075.post-40342889230039151362019-11-14T21:59:00.001-08:002019-11-14T21:59:04.534-08:00Government and Politics - The Wisdom of Solomon Can Provide Mid-East peace :: Politics Political EssaysThe story of King Solomon's wisdom is well known and presents a solution for the conflict over East Jerusalem, which contains the historic section of the city so highly prized for containing many famous religious sites: time-honored mosques, various Jewish, Christian and Islamic shrines, the Wailing Wall, the foundation to King Solomon's Temple, in short, the "Old City." East Jerusalem is currently the loggerhead in the Mid-East peace process. The Palestinians, with the support of the Arab states, say that come what may they must have control over East Jerusalem. A strong force in Israeli politics is of a similar opinion, saying that they will not compromise on this issue, that East Jerusalem must be under Israeli control. Unless a compromise is somehow reached, it appears that more people will die in the violence in this region, soldiers will die on both sides, more protesters will be killed, more people imprisoned, civilians including children, old men and women, even babies, will die as a direct result of the violence. In order to avoid any more violence perhaps we should turn to the story of wise old Solomon himself for the solution. It is said that once upon a time two women appeared before him, both claiming the right to a particular baby, each saying that she was the rightful mother of the child. Solomon proposed that the baby be divided in two, and half given to each woman. Hearing this, one of the women said, "No, don't do that, let the other woman have it." Solomon, in his wisdom, then gave the baby to this woman who obviously valued the life of the baby above her own interest in the matter. Seldom can an example like this be applied in its precise form, but it can be adapted to fit the dispute over East Jerusalem today. Obviously a present-day Solomon cannot threaten to destroy East Jerusalem and expect one of the sides to declare, "No! Let them have it." But something similar can be proposed, a solution that seems just as wise as Solomon's. Both sides can agree to a UN force moving in to raze all those ancient constructions, dynamite the traditional sites, leaving not one stone upon another. What would this solve? Well, most importantly, it would solve the conflict over East Jerusalem - no more violence, not one more death. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17720447981758791642noreply@blogger.com0